Topic 5: Evolution by Natural Selection

Question 1

The Theory of Evolution

Answer 1

Charles Darwin, to explain the gradual change and diversification of species over time.
1) Species show evidence of descent with modification (evolution) from common ancestor.
2) Natural selection if the mechanism for descent with modification.

Question 2

Natural Selection

Answer 2

The process by which organisms with traits that enhance their chances of survival and reproduction are more likely to pass those traits on to their offspring.

Question 3

Strata

Answer 3

The sedimentary rock that forms in layers, where fossils are found.

Question 4

Adaptations

Answer 4

Inherited characteristics of organisms that enhance their survival and reproduction in specific environments.

Question 5

Inherited traits…

Answer 5

that provide an advantage are more likely to survive and reproduce, which leads to an accumulation of advantageous traits in the population over generations.

Question 6

Selection Pressure

Answer 6

When selective agents are consistently causing differences in a population.

Question 7

Selective Agents

Answer 7

Environmental factors acting on a population.

Question 8

Genotypic Variation

Answer 8

Variation in the genetic makeup of an organism

Question 9

Phenotypic Variation

Answer 9

Variation in the observable characteristics.

Question 10

Phenotype

Answer 10

the observable traits determined by the interaction with environment and genotype.

Question 11

Context-Dependent

Answer 11

If the selection pressure changes, the direction of natural selection will change.