Topic 15: Seedless Vascular Plants Flashcards
What is the earliest vascular plant fossils date?
425 mya
What are the 3 Shared Derived Traits of Vascular Plants?
- Vascular Tissues
- Dominant Sporophytes
- Well-developed Roots and Leaves
What are vascular tissues?
Xylem and Phloem; allow for plants to grow tall, have transport, and structural support.
What are the two types of leaves in vascular plants, and describe them?
Microphylls: small leaves w/ small veins
Megaphylls: large leaves w/ highly branched vascular systems.
What are sporophylls?
Modified leaves bearing sporangia.
What is sporangia?
Spore-producing organs.
Sori
clusters of sporangia found on the underside of sporophylls
Strobili
Cone-like structures formed from groups of sporophylls
What plants are homosporous?
Seedless vascular plants
What plants are heterosporous?
Seed plants
Homosporus
Sporophytes produce a single type of spore that develops into a bisexual gametophyte.
Heterosporus
Produces a megaspore, which develops into female gametophytes and microspores, which develop into male gametophytes.
Microsporangia produces …
Microspores
Megasporangia produces…
Megaspores
Does fertilization still require water?
Yes, they have flagellated sperm that requires water.
What does vascular tissue enable?
Plants to attain height.
What happens to the gametophyte?
It is small, independent, and supports young sporophyte. But eventually dies off.
Life cycle of the Fern
REVIEW IT B***H
What are the two clades of Seedless vascular plants
Phylum Lycophyta, Phylum Monilophyta.
Lycophyta
Includes club mosses, spike mosses, and quillworts. All are small herbaceous plants with microphyllous leaves.
Monilophyta
Ferns, horsetails, and whisk ferns.
Ferns
Have megaphylls; many produce sporangia clusters (sori) on the underside of sporophylls.
Archegonium
Female gametophyte in Ferns (seedless vascualt plants)
Antheridium
Male gametophyte in seedless vascular plants.
