Topic 12: Diversity of Protists

Question 1

Excavata Clade

Answer 1

Unicellular protists with modified mitochondria and those possessing distinctive flagella.

Question 2

3 Primary Clades of Excavata

Answer 2

Diplomonads, Parabasalids, and euglenozoans

Question 3

Diplomonades

Answer 3

Lack plastids and typically inhabit anaerobic environments, relying on anaerobic processes for energy.

Question 4

Parabasalids

Answer 4

lack plasmids and have modified mitochondria

Question 5

Euglenozoans

Answer 5

have spiral or crystalline rods inside their flagella

Question 6

SAR Clade

Answer 6

photosynthesis originated through 2 endosymbiosis.

Question 7

SAR Clade Sub groups

Answer 7

Stramenopiles
Alveolates
Rhizarians

Question 8

Stramenopiles

Answer 8

Diatoms, Brown algae, Oomycetes

Question 9

Alveolates

Answer 9

Dinoflagellates, Apicomplexans (Plasmodium causes malaria), Ciliates (Paramecium).

Question 10

Rhizarians

Answer 10

Many are amoebas with thread-like pseudopodia.

Question 11

Archaeplastida Clade

Answer 11

Arose through 1 endosymbiosis of cyanobacteria. Includes red algae, green algae (chlorophytes, charophytes), and Kingdom Plantae.

Question 12

Unikonta Clade

Answer 12

Heterotrophic protists closely related to fungi and animals.

Question 13

Unikonta Subgroups

Answer 13

Amoebozoans: amoebas (slime moulds, tubulinds, and entamoebas)
Opisthokonts