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NUR135 > TOPIC 1 > Flashcards

TOPIC 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is considered a system approach?

A

Head to toe assessment
Includes focused assessment

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2
Q

What are the 4 main components of a physical assessment

A

Inspection
Palpation
Percussion
Auscultation

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3
Q

What are the types of physical assessments?

A

Initial/comprehensive
Problem-focused/episodic
Ongoing/time-lapsed
Emergency

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4
Q

Initial/comprehensive physical assessment - time performed, purpose, notes

A

T - within set time-frame
P - on admission/after transfer
N - sets baseline for future comparison

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5
Q

Problem-focused/episodic physical assessment - time performed, purpose, notes

A

T - ongoing in recognition of identified patient ‘problems’
P - To explore/determine the nature of a previously identified ‘problem’
N - focused on a main issue or body system (or part)

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6
Q

Ongoing/time-lapsed physical assessment - time performed, purpose, notes

A

T - frequency and complexity depends on situation
P - compare patients current status with baseline
N - simple (vitals) or complex (full functional assessment)

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7
Q

Emergency physical assessment - time performed, purpose, notes

A

T - time of crisis
P - to identify or explore life-threatening issues
N - rapid, problem-focused, prioritised

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8
Q

Physical assessment - developmental considerations for all ages (4)

A

Physical (growth)
Psychosocial
Cognitive
Behavioural

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9
Q

Health and Wellness - considerations for Infant (birth-1 year) when examining

A
  • gain consent from guardian
  • Warm environment
  • perform least distressing steps first
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10
Q

Health and Wellness - considerations for Infant (Early childhood)

A
  • build rapport with child
  • examine toddler on parents lap
  • praise child
  • perform least distressing steps first
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11
Q

Health and Wellness - considerations for Infant (School age 6-10/12yrs)

A
  • rapport w/ child and guardian
  • consent
  • use drape/gown
  • games/distractions
  • involve child in process
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12
Q

Health and Wellness - considerations for Infant (Early-Middle Adulthood 20-40-65yrs)

A
  • education
  • cognitive development
  • immunisation status
  • health screening
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13
Q

Health and Wellness - considerations for Infant (Late adulthood)

A
  • minimise positional changes
  • allow rest periods
  • allow for sensory deficits
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14
Q

Musculoskeletal conditions affect…

A
  • Joints (sprains, strains, arthritis)
  • Bones
  • Muscles
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15
Q

What is a Strain

A

Overstretching or tearing of muscles or tendons
(calf, groin, hamstring)

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16
Q

What is a sprain

A

Overstretching or tearing of a ligament
(ankle)

17
Q

Symptoms of a strain

A
  • muscle spasm
  • swelling
  • limited flexibility
  • difficultly using ROM
18
Q

Symptoms of a sprain

A
  • bruising
  • swelling/oedema
  • limited flexibility
  • difficulty using ROM
19
Q

R.I.C.E

A

Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation

20
Q

Osteoarthritis

A
  • Non-inflammatory degenerative disease
  • main bearing joints (hips,knees)
  • cartilage becomes weak, rough, eroded and no longer protects the surface of the bone
21
Q

Osteoarthritis symptoms

A
  • paraesthesia
  • decreased ROM
  • enlarged joints
22
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis

A
  • Autoimmune and systemic inflammatory condition
  • Affects joints and surrounding tissue
  • inflammation leads to thickening and eventual fibrosis of the joint
23
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis symptoms

A
  • heat
  • redness
  • swelling
  • pain on ROM
  • fatigue
  • low grade fever
24
Q

Osteoarthritis management

A
  • physical activity
  • weight management
  • joint replacement surgery
  • medications
25
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis management

A
  • physical activity
  • weight management
  • medications
  • surgery
  • stress reduction
26
Q

Impact of musculoskeletal conditions

A
  • Loss of function
  • Loss of independence
  • chronic pain
  • financial
  • psychological

NUR135 (18 decks)

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