Quiz 2 - Part 3 Flashcards
Name some functions of the Urinary System?
- Regulation of BP
- Production of hormones
- Excrete wastes in the urine
- Storage of urine in bladder
Common urinary problems with ageing?
- Incontinence
- Urinary retention
- Reduced capacity to clear additional fluid overload
- Impaired contractility of detrusor muscle
Name the 3 types of urinary incontinence?
Stress incontinence
- abdominal pressure on bladder increases due to coughing, sneezing etc. pelvic floor cannot provide enough counter pressure
Urge Incontinence
- Overactive Bladder
- Detrusor muscle contracts instead of relaxing as the bladder fills
Functional incontinence
- arises from factors outside the urinary tract
What is Nocturia?
Waking up multiple times a night to void
Why are older people at high risk of falling with Nocturia?
- Rushing to use toilet
- Postural drop in BP causing dizziness
What does the Prostate Gland do?
Fluid rich in fructose, which nourishes sperm and contains prostaglandins
Known risks for Prostate Cancer?
- Family History
- Inherited mutation of BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 genes
Subjective data for Urinary symptoms?
- frequency or urgency
- burning during urination
- nocturia
- blood in urine
- loss during sneezing, laughing etc.
Objective data for Urinary Issues?
Inspection
- height/weight
- patient hygiene
Vital signs
- Full set but pay close attention to BP and Temp
Bladder scan
Examination of urine
Fluid balance
Female hormonal changes due to Old Age?
- Uterus shrinks
- Cervix shrinks
- Vagina shortens, becomes less elastic
- Pubic hair becomes thin and sparse
Male hormonal changes due to Old Age?
- Teste tissue decreases
- Testosterone levels decrease
- Erectile dysfunction
- Prostate gland enlarges
Subjective data for Female reproductive health?
- Pelvic pain
- Urinary symptoms
- STI
- Immunisation history
- Menstrual history
- Contraception
Subjective data for Male reproductive health?
- Pelvic pain
- Urinary symptoms
- STI
- Immunisation history
Objective data collection for reproductive health?
Inspection
- Discolouration
- Lesions
- Discharge
- Breasts
- Testicles
Palpation
- Breasts: Raised arm above head, light pressure on each quadrant (axilla and palpate down)
- Lump: location, size, shape, nipple retraction, tenderness, lymph nodes in direct area
Internal inspection of Cervix/vagina and prostate?
Cervix and vagina
- muscle strength
- colour of cervical mucosa
- size and position of cervix
Prostate
- check size, shape (heart shape with a palpable central groove), surface (smooth), consistency (rubbery, elastic) sensitivity (pain)
