Quiz 3 Flashcards
What is the function of the respiratory system?
Supply O2 to the body for energy production
Removing CO2 as a waste product of energy reactions
Maintaining homeostasis of arterial blood
Maintain heat exchange
Pathway of O2 from (inspiration-gas exchange)
- Nose
- Nasopharynx
- Trachea
- Bronchial tree
- Bronchioles
- Alveoli
- Capillaries
Structure, Function of the NOSE
S - Olfactory receptors and cilia lie at roof of nasal cavity
F - Warm, filter, humidify inspired air while cilia move microbes and debris out the way
Structure, Function and Developmental considerations of the MOUTH
S - contains paroid, submandibular and sublingual salivary glands
F - Secret saliva that moistens food and cleans and protects mucosa
DC - Older Adult Atrophic tissues ulcerate easily (at risk of infections) - malignant lesions
Structure, Function and Developmental considerations of the PHARYNX AND LARYNX
S - extends from base of skull to 6th cervical vertebra
F - Pharynx respiratory pathway
- Larynx sound production
- Larynx upper opening of trachea
DC - Infant larynx located more anteriorly
What subjective data do you collect from the NOSE
Discharge
Frequent upper respiratory infections
sinus pain
trauma
Epistaxis (nose bleeds)
allergies
altered smell
What subjective data do you collect from the MOUTH & THROAT
Sores or lesions
sore throat
bleeding gums
toothache
dysphagia
altered taste
smoking, alcohol consumption
Facts about structure of lobes of the lungs
- Right lung is shorter (underlying liver)
- Right Lung has 3 lobes
- Left lung narrower (heart bulges to left)
- Left Lung has 2 lobes
Facts about Pleurae Cavity
- Visceral pleura
- Pleura cavity has negative pressure (holds lungs tightly against chest wall)
What happens structurally when you inspire
- Sternum elevates
- Upper ribs elevates
- Intercostal elevates ribs
- Diaphragm lowers as contracts
What happens structurally when you expire
- Intercostal muscles depress ribs
- Lower ribs lower
- Viscera compresses
Respiratory Developmental considerations with Infants and Children
- Lungs develop in utero with demands of instant performance
- Increased vulnerability of respiratory system from environmental factors (smoke)
Respiratory Developmental considerations with Aging Adult
- Decreased vital capacity and increased residual volume based on structural changes
- Histological changes lead to decreased gas exchange
Respiratory - Subjective data to collect
- cough
- shortness of breath
- chest pain with breathing
- history of respiratory infections
- smoking history
- environmental exposure
Respiratory - objective data to collect
Inspection
- thoracic cage
- Respiratory rate
- skin colour
- individual condition
Palpation
- confirm symmetric expansion
- detection of lumps, masses or tenderness
Auscultation
- assess breath sounds (note abnormal breathing sounds)
