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Heritage Exam 3 > Tom 135-140 > Flashcards

Tom 135-140 Flashcards

1
Q

Who struggled with sin, death, judgement, heaven, eternal fire, and an Augustinian view of sin?

A

Martin Luther

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2
Q

What did the church tell Luther to do when he struggled with sin?

A

Purge self from selfish inclinations

Penance= Contrition, confession, satisfaction

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3
Q

Who realized that he hated God?

A

Martin Luther

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4
Q

What did Martin Luther not understand about God?

A

His righteousness

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5
Q

What does Sola Fide mean?

A

Justification by faith alone

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6
Q

Who bought the position of the Archbishop of Mainz?

A

Albert of the Hohenzollern

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7
Q

Why did Albert of the Hohenzollern buy the position of Archbishop of Mainz?

A

The pope needed money to build St. Peter’s and permitted the selling of indulgences (forgiveness/grace) to raise money

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8
Q

Who kidnapped Luther to prevent him from being killed in Rome after he wrote the 95 Theses?

A

Frederick the Wise

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9
Q

What invention truly enabled the Reformation to spread?

A

The printer

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10
Q

What was the main question presented in the 1518-19 Diet of Augsburg against Luther?

A

Where does authority lie?

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11
Q

What phrase did Luther use to respond to the Diet of Augsburg against him in 1518-19?

A

Sola Scriptura

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12
Q

Which phrase means :”by scripture alone”?

A

Sola Scriptura

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13
Q

Who supported Luther while debating Johann Eck in 1519?

A

Karlstadt

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14
Q

Why did the German nationalists love Luther?

A

They did not want to keep funding another country’s (Rome) endeavors

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15
Q

Which writing threatened Luther to either recant or be excommunicated?

A

Papal Bull (1520)

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16
Q

How did Luther respond to the 1520 Papal Bull?

A

He burned the “bullshit”

17
Q

Which of Luther’s writings reduced the Sacraments from 7 to 2.5 and completely denied 3?

A

Babylonian Captivity

18
Q

Which 3 Sacraments did the “Babylonian Captivity” completely deny?

A
  1. Re-sacrificing of Christ in mass
  2. Regardless of faith
  3. Laity only receive bread
19
Q

Which of Luther’s writings declared Christians not subject to rules/laws, because the love of Christ enables them to serve everyone?

A

The Freedom of a Christian Man

20
Q

Which of Luther’s writings attacked the 3 walls Rome used to protect itself and sought to mobilize the Christian nobility?

A

To the Christian Nobility of a German Nation

21
Q

Which 3 Roman walls did Luther attack in “To the Christian Nobility of a German Nation”?

A
  1. Pope over all (spiritual>temporal)
  2. Only pope/church interpret Scripture
  3. Only Pope calls councils
22
Q

Which council declared that only the pope had the power to call a council?

A

Council of Pisa

23
Q

Which Diet occurred in the same year that the Modern Age officially began?

A

Diet of Worms (1521)

24
Q

Which Diet/year involved Luther being kidnapped by Frederick the Wise?

A

Diet of Worms (1521)

25
Q

Which 4 books did Luther disapprove of?

A

Hebrews, James, Jude, Revelation

26
Q

Why was Luther able to return to Wittenburg despite being excommunicated and condemned?

A

Emperor Charles V was busy fighting wars in Italy for 9 years

27
Q

Which two phrases did most reformers share, despite their variety?

A

Sola Scriptura
Sola Fide

28
Q

Did all reformers abandon Latin, saints, some rituals, and allegiance to Rome?

A

Yes; all of them did

29
Q

What was the greatest failure of all the Protestant churches?

A

That they existed at all

30
Q

Who appointed lay princes (supported Luther)?

A

The Emperor

31
Q

Who appointed Ecclesial princes (opposed Luther)?

A

The Pope

32
Q

Which writings came out of the Peasant’s War of 1524-25?

A

“Twelve Articles”

33
Q

Which writings were the “Twelve Articles” based on?

A

Luther’s 95 Theses

34
Q

How did Luther feel about the Peasants’ Revolt/War?

A

He supported their cause but not the violence they used, and encouraged the lords to use force in self defense

35
Q

Which Diet of Augsburg (year?) included the Emperor presenting the Augsburg confession?

A

1530

36
Q

Who was involved in the 1532 Peace of Nuremburg?

A

Emperor & the League of Schmalkalden

37
Q

Who was involved in the 1555 Peace of Augsburg?

A

Lutherans settled with the emperor

Heritage Exam 3 (11 decks)

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