Toddlers Common Issues - Nutrition

Question 1

When can solid foods be added?

Answer 1

6 months of age

Question 2

Why is 6 months acceptable age?

Answer 2

• Tongue extrusion reflex disappeared (reflex that helps prevent babies from choking)
• can handle more complex nutritions and less susceptible to food allergens
• pincer grasp develops and can pick up food and put it in mouth
• stomach capacity expands

Question 3

How can u determine adequacy of diet? (Is the babies diet providing necessary nutrients, energy, etc)

Answer 3

• 140 to 200 g weight gain per week first 6 months
• infant has at least 6 wet diapers a day
• sleeps after feedings

Question 4

What should babies be supplemented if breastfed?

Answer 4

Vitamin D after a few days of life

Not needed if baby gets formula (already in it)

Question 5

Which infants can’t have breastmilk?

Answer 5

Babies with galactosemia and phenylketonuria

Question 6

Maternal factors preventing babies from drinking breast milk?

Answer 6

• HIV positive mother (unless baby is already HIV positive)
• herpes lesions on both breasts
• active, u treated pulmonary tuberculosis
• administration of some meds (chemotherapy, radioactive isotope therapy, illicit drug use)

Question 7

What type of formulas suggested for infants?

Answer 7

Iron fortified formulas until child has adequate iron intake in diet

Question 8

When is Whole cow’s milk recommended? Why is whole milk a good option?

Answer 8

9-12 months old

Whole milk has fat which helps develop brain

Question 9

When can low fat milk be given?

Answer 9

Not for infants under 2 years

Question 10

What are safe bottle feeding strategies for parents?

Answer 10

Don’t over or under dilute formula
Don’t microwave breastmilk or formula

Question 11

If there is family history of allergies, how can you introduce the food to the infant?

Answer 11

Every two days to determine if there’s a reaction

You can also introduce a single food ingredient at a time to determine allergies to foods

Question 12

How often can you introduce a new food to a infant?

Answer 12

Every day but only offer new food in a 4 day to 1 week period to determine tolerance

Question 13

What types of solid foods should be first introduced to 6 month olds?

Answer 13

Food should be energy dense and rich in nutrients such as iron to develop retina cells (meat, meat alternatives, rice cereal)

Question 14

When can honey be added to diet?

Answer 14

After 1 year of age

Question 15

How should you offer liquids to infants?

Answer 15

In open cups to prevent prolonged bottle feeding

Question 16

How much of a new food should you introduce?

Answer 16

1 teaspoon

Question 17

When does an infants digestive tract start digesting fats present in food?

Answer 17

6 months

Question 18

How many calories do infants require?

Answer 18

Almost 3x more calories per kilo of weight than adults

Question 19

Is commercial baby food okay?

Answer 19

Try to avoid because of high sugar and salt content

Question 20

What types of foods should you give?

Answer 20

Those without additives (if animal, no drugs or hormones used prior to processing)

Question 21

What are signs of readiness to try new foods?

Answer 21

Signs of readiness include infant eagerly looks forward to new tastes and textures found on spoon

Should be gradual, start with daytime then progress to nighttime