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ODS > TMJ > Flashcards

TMJ Flashcards

1
Q

What type of joint is the TMJ?

A

Bilateral synovial joint

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2
Q

What surfaces articulate in the TMJ?

A

Mandibular condyle and glenoid fossa

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3
Q

What does the TMJ play an essential role in?

A

Speaking and eating

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4
Q

What is the mandibular glenoid fossa?

A
  • Depression in the temporal bone in which the mandibular condyle sits in to form the TMJ.
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5
Q

What is the articular eminence of the temporal bone?

A

Gentle slope of bone covered in cartilage.

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6
Q

What type of bone is the Condyle?

A

Dense cortical bone covered in dense fibrous connective tissue.

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7
Q

What are the bony landmarks of the TMJ?

A

Mandibular glenoid fossa
Articular eminence of temporal bone
Mandibular condyle

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8
Q

What 3 ligaments give passive stability to the TMJ?

A

Temporomandibular lateral ligament
Stylomandibular ligament
Sphenomandibular ligament

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9
Q

Non bony components of the TMJ?

A

Articular capsule
Synovial tissue
Articular disc
Ligaments

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10
Q

What is the articular capsule?

A

Fibrous membrane surrounding the joint and attaches to; articular eminence, articular disc and neck of mandibular condyle

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11
Q

What is the articular disc?

A

Fibrous extension of the capsule that runs between and articulates with the glenoid fossa and mandibular condyle

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12
Q

What shape is the articular disc?

A

Biconcave disc shape; the condyle sits in the depression

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13
Q

What are the functions of the ligaments involved with the TMJ?

A

Temporomandibular ligament limits extreme wide opening and lateral movements
Accessory ligaments limit border movements of mandible

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14
Q

Where does the stylomandibular ligament run to and from?

A

Styloid process to angle of mandible

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15
Q

Where does the sphenomandiblar ligament run to and from?

A

Spine of sphenoid bone to lingula of mandible.

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16
Q

Where is the temporomandibular ligament located and what are the 2 parts?

A

Thickened lateral portion of capsule
Outer oblique and inner horizontal

17
Q

In which ways can the mandible move?

A

Depression and elevation
Lateral deviations
Protrusion and retrusion

18
Q

What are the 3 axis of rotation in the TMJ?

A

Horizontal
Frontal
Sagittal

19
Q

Which axis is used when the mandible moves up and down?

A

Horizontal

20
Q

What axis’ are involved in lateral movements of the mandible?

A

Frontal
Sagittal

21
Q

What happens during the first 20mm of jaw opening?

A

Mandible rotates on horizontal axis whilst the articular disc stays in place

22
Q

What happens if jaw opening exceeds 20mm?

A

The articular disc elongates and slides forward. The condyle is then able to glide over the articulating eminence to allow for full opening.

23
Q

What is the most common form of TMD?

A

Myofascial pain - discomfort/pain in muscles that control jaw function as well as neck and shoulder.

24
Q

What is degenerative joint disease in the TMJ?

A

Osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis

25
Q

Three main categories of TMD?

A

Myofascial pain
Internal derangement
Degenerative joint

26
Q

What are the symptoms of TMJ disorders?

A
  • Headaches, earaches and pressure behind eyes
  • Clicking or popping sound on opening and closing
  • Pain when opening mouth widely
  • Lock jaw
  • Trismus; limited opening
27
Q

What treatment options are available for TMJ disorders?

A
  • Jaw exercises
  • Hest compression
  • Soft diet
  • Pain relief/muscle relaxants
  • Biteguard or splint if ongoing
  • Botox
  • Last resort; surgery
28
Q

How may dislocated jaw occur?

A

Trauma or yawning

29
Q

What are the symptoms of dislocated jaw?

A
  • Pain in front of ear that gets worse with movement
  • Bite feels ‘off’
  • Problems talking
  • Unable to close mouth causing drooling
  • Lock jaw that protrudes forward
30
Q

What is trismus?

A

When an individual is unable to open their mouth more than 35mm

31
Q

What can trismus occur in a result of?

A
  • Long dental appointments
  • After ID block
  • Trauma
  • Oral surgery
  • Infection
  • Cancer
  • Radiation treatment of head and neck
32
Q

Implications of trismus?

A

Difficult for;
- Patient to maintain oral hygiene
- Patient to eat
- Clinicians to treat

33
Q

Treatment options available for trismus?

A
  • Stretching exercises
  • Soft diet
  • Time
  • Threaded tapered screw appliance

ODS (44 decks)

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