Nasal Cavity And Paranasal Sinuses Flashcards
What connects the nasal and oral cavities
Nasopharynx
Uvula
Fleshy projection at back of throat
How do the soft palate an uvula protect nasal cavity
Move together to close off the connection between oral and nasal cavity when eating to prevent food from entering nasal cavity.
What system is the nasal cavity part of
Respiratory system
Part of the nasal cavity most exposed to the environment
Vestibule - lies just posterior to the nostrils
Structure of vestibule and its function
Stratified squamous epithelium
Stiff hairs; Vibrissae, embedded in cell lining
Covered in thick mucous
Forms a protective barrier
Structure and function of the respiratory region of the nasal cavity
Cilliated pseudo-stratified epithelium
Contains goblet cells that secrete mucous to form mucous membrane
Where is the olfactory region located in the nasal cavity
Top part of nasal cavity near septum
What lines the olfactory region in nasal cavity
Olfactory cells and olfactory mucosa
Structure and function of olfactory region in nasal cavity
House millions of cilia that contain olfactory receptor proteins; responsible for sense of smell
What forms the medial wall of nasal cavity
Perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone
Vomer
Septum cartilage
What makes up the superior border of the nasal cavity
Nasal bones
Lower part of frontal bone
Cribriform plate of ethmoid bone
Sphenoid bone
What makes up the lateral walls of the nasal cavity
Lower parts of nasal bones
Cartilage
Ethmoid bone
Perpendicular plate of the palatine bone
Medial plate of pterygoid process; sphenoid
Medial surface of the lacrimal and maxillary
Inferior nasal concha
What forms the floor of the nasal cavity
Palatine process of maxilla
Horizontals plates of palatine bones
What borders with the posterior border of nasal cavity
Maxilla
Palatine
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Lacrimal
Inferior nasal concha
4 paranasal sinuses
Maxillary
Frontal
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
What lines each paranasal sinus
Ciliated pseudo-stratified epithelium
Interspaced with mucous secreting goblet cells
Main functions of paranasal sinuses
Lightening of weight of head
Supporting immune defence of nasal cavity
Humidifying inspired air
Increasing resonance of voice
How are paranasal sinuses formed
During development of nasal cavity eroding surrounding bones.
(Hence why sinuses drain back into nose)
What do the frontal sinuses drain via
Frontonasal duct
Opens out at hiatus semilunaris within middle meatus of nasal cavity
Where do the sphenoid sinuses open to
Nasal cavity in the spheno-ethmoidal recess
How many ethmoid sinuses are there
3 within the ethmoid bone
Anterior, middle, posterior
Openings of the ethmoid sinuses
Anterior: hiatus semilunaris (middle meatus)
Middle: lateral wall of middle meatus
Posterior: lateral wall of superior meatus
Largest of paranasal sinuses
Maxillary sinuses
Where are the maxillary sinuses located
Laterally and slightly inferior to nasal cavity
Drainage of the maxillary sinuses
Nasal cavity via hiatus semilunaris under frontal sinus opening
How is the maxillary sinus a potential pathway for spread of infection
Maxillary and frontal sinus opens are close together; fluid drainage from frontal sinus can enter maxillary sinus.
What occurs if an upper respiratory tract infection spreads to sinus
Inflammation and pain - sinusitis
How may inflammation of the maxillary sinus present as
Toothache in maxillary teeth
