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ODS > Floor Of Mouth And Palate > Flashcards

Floor Of Mouth And Palate Flashcards

1
Q

What is the clinical appearance of the floor of the mouth?

A

Reddish pink
Vascular blue in vein areas
Shiny and moist
Compressible

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2
Q

Which epithelium is the floor of the mouth?

A

Non keratinised stratified squamous epithelial tissue

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3
Q

What is the structure of the floor of the mouth?

A
  • extremely thin
  • overlies very vascular lamina propria that can be seen through epithelium
  • loose adipose connective tissue
  • sublingual and submandibular salivary glands in submucosa layer
  • loosely attached to underlying muscle to allow for some movement in tongue
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4
Q

What is lamina propria?

A

Layer of gingival connective tissue that lies between epithelial layer and mucous membrane

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5
Q

3 muscles that support the floor of the mouth

A

Mylohyoid
Hyoglossus
Geniohyoid

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6
Q

Where does the mylohyoid muscle originate and insert?

A

Originates - inner surface of the mandible.
Inserts - anterior surface of the hyoid bone body.

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7
Q

Action of the mylohyoid muscle?

A

Forms floor of oral cavity, elevates floor of mouth and hyoid bone.
Assists in depressing the mandible (opening)

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8
Q

What nerves supply mylohyoid muscle?

A

Mylohyoid brand of trigeminal nerve

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9
Q

What supples the blood to the mylohyoid muscle?

A

Inferior alveolar, sublingual and sub mental arteries

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10
Q

Origin and insertion points for the hyoglossus muscle

A

Originates: superior border of the greater Cornu of hyoid bone.
Inserts: lateral borders of the tongue.

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11
Q

Action of the hyoglossus muscle

A

Depressed and retracts the tongue
Pulls lateral edges of tongue down to floor of mouth

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12
Q

Nerve and blood supply of the hyoglossus muscle

A

Hyoglossal nerve
Lingual artery

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13
Q

Origin and insertion of the geniohyoid muscle

A

Originates: inferior genial tubercle (mental spine) on lingual surface of mandible, midline.
Inserts: body of hyoid bone

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14
Q

Action of geniohyoid muscle

A

Elevates and positions the hyoid bone
Shortens floor of mouth
Widens pharynx for swallowing

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15
Q

Nerve and blood supply of geniohyoid muscle

A

Hypoglassal nerve
Lingual artery (sublingual branch)

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16
Q

What is the lingual frenum

A

Fold of tissue found in midline near base of tongue; inferior surface of tongue and connects tongue to floor of mouth.

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17
Q

What is the sublingual papilla

A

Centrally positioned protrubence near the base of tongue.
Submandibular and sublingual saliva ducts open here.
2 sublingual folds laterally either side

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18
Q

What are mandibular Tori

A

Bony swellings sublingual to premolar region.
Usually above hyoid line.

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19
Q

Structure of ventral surface of tongue

A

Irregular fringe folds of mucous membrane lateral to lingual frenum.
Thin lining of non keratinised stratified squamous epithelium.

20
Q

What is the hard and soft palate?

A

Hard - anterior 2/3
Soft - posterior 1/3

21
Q

What does the hard palate separate?

A

Oral cavity from the nasal cavity

22
Q

2 bones of the hard palate

A

Palatine process of maxilla
Horizontal plate of palatine bone

23
Q

What does the hard palate aid with the function of?

A

Eating and speaking

24
Q

Clinical appearance of the hard palate

A

Pink in appearance.
Immobile and firm.
More cushioned feeling towards lateral portions.
Firmer feeling towards medial portion.

25
Q

What type of epithelium is the hard palate

A

Orthokeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

26
Q

How do the midline, lateral, anterior and posterior portions of the hard palate appear and what do they contain

A

Midline- firmer, lamina propria attaches directly to bone, no submucosa.
Lateral- more cushioned, submucosa present.
Anterior- cushioned, adipose tissue and submucosa present.
Posterior- cushioned, contains minor hard palate salivary glands and submucosa

27
Q

Key features of hard palate

A

High vaulted palate
Incisive papilla
Palatine rugae
Median palatine raphe

28
Q

What is palatine torus

A

Bony overgrowth of palate

29
Q

What is meant by the term vaulted palate

A

Dome shape of palate, varies from each individual, posterior border is concaved where it meets soft palate.

30
Q

What is the incisive papilla

A

Small oval shape bump behind upper central incisors, covers nasopalatine nerves

31
Q

What is the palatine rugae

A

A firm irregular tissue, radiates transversely from incisive papilla, some more pronounced than others.

32
Q

What is the median palatine raphe

A

Midline of hard palate and covers median palatine suture.

33
Q

What clinical changes to look for in the palate and floor of mouth?

A

Colour
Texture
Impact on function

34
Q

What is the soft palate

A

Continuous anterior border with the hard palate with a free posterior border.
Moveable with no bony skeleton.

35
Q

Clinical appearance of soft palate

A

Deeper pink (can be slightly yellowish)
Noise
Compressible and elastic

36
Q

What type of epithelium is the soft palate

A

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

37
Q

Histology of the soft palate

A

Very thin submucosa, attaches to muscle to aid swallowing, speech and mastication.
Minor salivary glands.
Elastic layer to aid mobility.
Adipose tissue present - yellowish appearance.

38
Q

Key features of soft palate

A

Uvula
Pillars of the fauces
Tonsillar fossa
Pterygomandibular fold

39
Q

What is the pterygomandibular fold

A

Border that separates cheek from throat.
From junction of soft and hard palate and extends down to the distal surface of most posterior tooth.
Landmark for inferior dental nerve block.

40
Q

What is the uvula

A

Muscular posterior margin of soft palate, extends downwards and backwards.

41
Q

What does the tonsillar fossa house?

A

Palatine tonsil

42
Q

What is the palatoglossal arch?

A

Anterior pillar
Soft tissue ridge on soft palate
Separates oral cavity from oropharynx

43
Q

What is the palatooharyngeal arch?

A

Posterior pillar.
Soft tissue ridge on soft palate.
Extends from soft palate to side of pharynx.

44
Q

Nerve innervation of the palate

A

Sensory innervation is supplied by maxillary nerve branches.
Hard palate - greater palatine and nasopalatine nerves.
Soft palate - lesser palatine nerves.

45
Q

Blood supply of the palate

A

Hard palate - greater palatine artery.
Soft palate - lesser palatine artery.

ODS (24 decks)

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