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Anatomy > Tissues > Flashcards

Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

Group of cells that are similar in structure and function

A

Tissue

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2
Q

Lines body cavities and covers the body’s external surface

A

Epithelium

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3
Q

Pumps blood, flushes urine out of the body, allows one to swing a bat

A

Muscular

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4
Q

Transmits electrochemical impulses

A

Nerve

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5
Q

Anchors, packages, and supports body organs

A

Connective

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6
Q

Cells may absorb, secrete, and filter

A

Epithelium

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7
Q

Most involved in regulating and controlling body functions

A

Nervous

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8
Q

Major function is to contact

A

Muscle

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9
Q

Synthesizes hormones

A

Nervous

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10
Q

The most durable tissue type

A

Connective

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11
Q

Abundant nonliving extracellular matrix

A

Connective

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12
Q

Most widespread tissue in the body

A

Connective

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13
Q

Forms nerves and the brain

A

Nervous

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14
Q

What are the five general characteristics of epithelial tissue

A

Polarity, cellularity, supported by connective tissue, avascularity, and regeneration

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15
Q

On what basis are epithelial tissues classified?

A

Arrangement or relative number of layers and cell shape

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16
Q

What are the five major functions of epithelium in the body?

A

Protection, absorption, filtration, excretion, secretion

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17
Q

What is example of epithelial protection?

A

Epithelium covering body surface protects against bacterial invasion

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18
Q

What is example of epithelium absorption?

A

Epithelium cells specialized to absorb substances; lines the stomach and small intestines

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19
Q

What is an example of epithelium filtration?

A

In kidney tubules, epithelium filters and absorbs and secretes

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20
Q

What is an example of epithelial excretion?

A

Sweat is execrated from the body by epithelial cells in sweat glands

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21
Q

What is example of epithelium secretion?

A

In glands epithelial tissue is specialized to secrete specific chemical substances such as enzymes, hormones, and lubricating fluid

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22
Q

How does the function of stratified epithelium different from the function of simple epithelia?

A

Simple means that there’s only one layer of the cells, not as much protection as stratified which indicates several layers of the cells. Stratified epithelium are named according to the cells at the apical surface of the epithelium membrane.

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23
Q

Where is ciliated epithelium found?

A

The lining of the trachea, most of the upper respiratory tract

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24
Q

What role does ciliated epithelium play?

A

They keep mucus and any other debris’s from entering the lower reaches of lung tissue

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25
Q

How does transitional epithelium differ from other stratified squamous epithelium?

A

It’s structure is different in that it is rounded or plump

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26
Q

How does the structural difference in transitional epithelium and stratified squamous epithelium support its function?

A

Transitional epithelium has the ability to slide over one another to allow the organ to be stretched

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27
Q

How did the endocrine and exocrine glands different and structure and function?

A

Endocrine glands are ductless, and their function is to release hormones into the extracellular fluid where they enter the bloodstream lymphatic vessels. Exocrine glands have ducts and they secrete through the ducts to an epithelial surface

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28
Q

Lining of the esophagus

A

Stratified squamous

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29
Q

Lining of the stomach

A

Simple columnar

30
Q

Alveolar sacs of lungs

A

Simple squamous

31
Q

Tubules of the kidney

A

Simple cuboidal

32
Q

Epidermis of the skin

A

Stratified squamous

33
Q

Lining of bladder, peculiar cells that have the ability to slide over each other

A

Transitional

34
Q

Forms the thin serous membranes; a single layer of flattened cells

A

Simple squamous

35
Q

What are three general characteristics of connective tissues?

A

Connected tissues have a rich supply blood vessels, composed of many types of cells, noncellular, nonliving material

36
Q

What functions are performed by connective tissue?

A

Protection, support, and bind together tissues

37
Q

How are the functions of connective tissue reflected in the structure?

A

Large amount of nonliving matrix seen provides the strength needed to protect the body

38
Q

Attaches bones to bones and muscles to bones

A

Dense connective tissue

39
Q

Acts as a storage depot for fat

A

Adipose connective tissue

40
Q

The dermis of the skin

A

Dense fibrous connective tissue

41
Q

Makes up the invertebrates discs

A

Fibrocartilage

42
Q

Forms the hip bone

A

Osseous tissue

43
Q

Composes basement membrane; a soft packaging tissue with the jelly like matrix

A

Areolar connective tissue

44
Q

Forms the larynx, the coastal cartilages of the ribs, and the embryonic skeleton

A

Hyaline cartilage

45
Q

Provides a flexible framework for the external ear

A

Elastic cartilage

46
Q

Firm, structurally amorphous matrix heavily invaded with fibers; appears glassy and smooth

A

Hyaline cartilage

47
Q

Matrix hard owing to calcium salts; provides levers for muscles to act on

A

Osseous tissue

48
Q

Insulates against heat loss

A

Adipose connective tissue

49
Q

Why do adipose cells remind people of a ring with a single jewel?

A

They contain a large fat filled vacuole occupying most of the cell volume. Nucleus is pushed to the periphery, giving the cell a ring appearance

50
Q

What two physiological characteristics are highly developed in neurons (nerve cells)?

A

Irritability and conductivity

51
Q

In what ways are neurons similar to other cells? How are they different?

A

They contain a nucleus and the usual organelles but their cytoplasm is drawn out

52
Q

Describe how the unique structure of a neuron relates to its function in the body

A

Neurons conduct impulses over relatively long distances in the body. This is facilitated by their long cytoplasmic extensions

53
Q

Voluntarily controlled

A

Skeletal muscle tissue

54
Q

Involuntarily controlled

A

Cardiac and smooth muscle tissue

55
Q

Striated

A

Skeletal and cardiac muscle tissue

56
Q

Has a single nucleus in each cell

A

Cardiac and smooth muscle tissue

57
Q

Has several nuclei cell per cell

A

Skeletal muscle tissue

58
Q

Found attached to bones

A

Skeletal muscle tissue

59
Q

Allows you to direct your eyeballs

A

Skeletal muscle tissue

60
Q

Found in the walls of the stomach, uterus, and arteries

A

Smooth muscle tissue

61
Q

Contains spindle-shaped cells

A

Smooth muscle tissue

62
Q

Contains branching cylindrical cells

A

Skeletal muscle tissue

63
Q

Contains long, nonbranching cylindrical cells

A

Skeletal muscle tissue

64
Q

Has intercalculated discs

A

Cardiac muscle tissue

65
Q

Concerned with the locomotion of the body as a whole

A

Skeletal muscle tissue

66
Q

Changes the internal volume of an organ as it contracts

A

Cardiac muscle tissue

67
Q

Tissue of the heart

A

Cardiac muscle tissue

68
Q

The study of tissues

A

Histology

69
Q

Three types of cell shapes

A

Squamous: flattened
Cuboidal: squarish
Columnar: tall (column shaped)

70
Q

Types of epithelial tissue

A 
Simple squamous 
Simple cuboidal
Simple columnar
Stratified squamous
Stratified cuboidal

Anatomy (14 decks)

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