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Anatomy > Cell Organelles > Flashcards

Cell Organelles Flashcards

1
Q

Stores material within the cell

A

Vacuoles

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2
Q

Usually in pairs that aid in cell division

A

Centricles

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3
Q

The sites of protein synthesis

A

Ribosomes

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4
Q

Transports material within the cell

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum

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5
Q

The region inside the cell except for the nucleus

A

Cytoplasm

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6
Q

Organelle that manages or controls all the cell functions in a eukaryotic cell

A

Nucleolus

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7
Q

Has pores that allow ribosomes to escape

A

Cell membrane

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8
Q

Digests excess or worn out cell parts, food particles and invading viruses or bacteria

A

Lyosome

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9
Q

Small bumps located on portions of the endoplasmic reticulum

A

Ribosome

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10
Q

Longer whip like structure used for movement

A

Flagellum

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11
Q

Produces a useable form of energy for the cell

A

Mitochondrion

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12
Q

Packages proteins for transport out of the cell

A

Golgi apparatus

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13
Q

Stable cytoskeletal elements; resist mechanical forces acting on the cell

A

Intermediate filaments

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14
Q

Everything inside the cell including the nucleus

A

Organelles

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15
Q

Site where ribosomes are made

A

Nucleolus

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16
Q

Made of actin and helps with muscle contraction

A

Microfilaments

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17
Q

The membrane surrounding the cell

A

Cell membrane

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18
Q

Cylindrical structures made of tubulin proteins

A

Microtubules

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19
Q

Granular threadlike DNA material of the active cell

A

Chromatin

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20
Q

Tubular extensions of the plasma membrane that increase the area for absorption

A

Microvilli

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21
Q

Small hair like structures used for movement or sensing things

A

Cilia

22
Q

Composed of phospholipid bilayer

A

Cell membrane

23
Q

Membranous sacs containing a variety of powerful enzymes (oxidase and catalases)

A

Peroxisomes

24
Q

In what organelle does cellular respiration take place?

A

The mitochondria

25
Q

What is the list of organelles that take part in protein synthesis?

A

The nucleus, ribosomes, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and the golgi apparatus

26
Q

How is the nucleus involved in protein synthesis?

A

The RNA polymerase unzips and reads one side of the DNA strand (found in the nucleus) and mRNA is formed

27
Q

How does the membrane of cell differ from the nuclear membrane? What advantages does this difference have for the nucleus?

A

The cell membrane protects the cell while the nuclear membrane only protects the nucleus. This advantages the nucleus because it gets twice the protection.

28
Q

What is the difference between rough ER and smooth ER?

A

Rough ER has ribosomes and smooth ER doesn’t

29
Q

What is the first step of protein synthesis?

A

Transcription

30
Q

What is the second step of protein synthesis?

A

Translation

31
Q

Where does the first step of protein synthesis occur?

A

In the nucleus

32
Q

Where does the second step of protein synthesis occur?

A

Cytoplasm and ribosomes

33
Q

How many nitrogen bases are read at a time?

A

3

34
Q

What are the bases on mRNA strands called?

A

Codons

35
Q

What are the bases on tRNA called?

A

Anti-codons

36
Q

What is the start codon?

A

AUG

37
Q

What are the stop codons?

A

UAG, AUG, UAA

38
Q

A bunch of amino acids put together makes _______

A

Protein

39
Q

Single stranded mirror image of DNA

A

mRNA

40
Q

Series of 3 mRNA nucleotides

A

Codon

41
Q

RNAs version of thymine

A

Uracil

42
Q

Decoding of a mRNA message into a polymeric chain (protein)

A

Translation

43
Q

Series of 3 tRNA nucleotides

A

tRNA

44
Q

A

A

Adenine

45
Q

T

A

Thymine

46
Q

G

A

Guanine

47
Q

C

A

Cytosine

48
Q

Consists of nitrogenous base, phosphate group, and sugar

A

Nucleotide

49
Q

Occurs in the nucleus during S phase

A

Replication

50
Q

DNA has _____ RNA has ______

A

T

U

Anatomy (14 decks)

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