Tissues Flashcards
What tissue
Simple squamous epithemlium
What tissue
Simple squamous epithelium
What tissue
Simple cuboidal epithelium
What tissue
Simple columnar epithelium
What cell type
Goblet cell
What tissue
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
What cell type
Goblet cell
What tissue
Stratified cuboidal epithelium
What tissue
Stratified columnar epithelium
What tissue
Transitional epithelium
What tissue
Stratified squamous epithelium
What tissue
Areolar connective tissue
What fiber (dark)
Elastic fiber
What fiber (pink)
Collagen fiber
What tissue
Adipose tissue
What cell type
Adipocyte
What tissue
Reticular connective tissue
What cell type
Mostly reticular cells (fibroblasts) from leukocytes (white blood cells); but hard to distinguish them here
What fiber
Reticular fiber
What tissue
Dense regular connective tissue
What fibers
Collagen fibers
What cell type
Indicated by nucleus
Fibroblast
What tissue
Dense irregular connective tissue
What cell type
Indicated by nucleus
Fibroblast
What fibers
Collagen fibers
What tissue
Elastic connective tissue
What fibers
Elastic fibers
What tissue
Hyaline cartilage
What cell type
Chondrocyte (in lacuna)
What substance
Extracellular matrix
What tissue
Elastic cartilage
What cell type
Chondrocyte (in lacuna)
What fibers
Elastic fibers
What tissue
Fibrocartilage
What cell type
Chondrocyte (in lacuna)
What tissue
Compact bone
What cell type
Osteocyte (in lacuna)
What substance
Calcified extracellular matrix
What tissue
Blood
What cell type
Erythrocyte (Red blood cell)
What cell type
Leukocyte (white blood cell)
What tissue
Skeletal muscle
What tissue
Cardiac muscle
What structure
Intercalated disk
What tissue
Smooth muscle
What tissue
Nervous tissue
What cell type
Neuron (nerve cell)
What cell type
Glial cells (neuroglia)
What cell junction
Tight junctions
What cell junction
Desmosomes
What cell junction
Gap junctions
Exocrine glands
Secretions released via a duct or tube; empties onto apical surface
Range from 1 cell (e.g., goblet cell) to multicellular
Endocrine glands
Ductless glands
Secrete hormones (by exocytosis)
Secretions released by directly into blood or fluids
Exocytosis
Where a gland packages up secretion into a membrane bound sac, walling it off from everything else.
Cell then uses energy to move it to the wall of the cell.
The sac then murges with the wall of the cell since its made out of the same material. The secretion is now outside of the cell.
Merocrine Secretion
Product released from secretory vesicles by exocytosis
Produced by majority of exocrine glands
Examples
- Sweat (merocrine and apocrine sweat glands) common in skin around the body; common on palms and soles
- Saliva (from salivary glands)
- Mucus in digestive and respiratory tracts
- Milk from mammary glands also involves some apocrine secretion
Apocrine secretion
Involves shedding some cytoplasm and secretory vesicles
Gland cell grows and repairs before more releases
Examples
- Observed in lipid droplet secretion in lactating mammary glands of many mammals
Holocrine secretion
Entire gland cell packed with secretory vesicles
Cell bursts
- Releases secretion
- Kills cell
Cells replaced by stem cells
Example
- Secretions of sebaceous glands (oil glands) *Produced by oily secretion (sebum) to coat skin and hair
Glycoproteins
Cell-adhesion molecules
Help cells stick to each other and to hold them in place in the matrix;
Bind membrane proteins to protoglycans and protein fibers in matrix
Simple squamous epithelium location
Lines body cavities
(as mesothelium or serous membranes such as peritoneum, pleura and pericardium)
endothelium, bowmans’s capsules, loop of hanle in kidney tubules, alveoli, and inner surface of the eardrum
Simple cuboidal epithelium location
Many glands including liver, pancreas, salivary glands, pigmented epithelium of retina, tubules of kidney, choroids plexus of brain, terminal bronchioles of lungs, surface of ovaries
Simple columnar epithelium location
GI tract, gallbladder, bronchioles of lungs, auditory tubes, uterus, uterine tubes, stomach, bile ducts, ventricles of the brain
Stratified squamous epithelium location
Keratinized: Epidermis
Moist: mucous membranes which line all openings of the body including, mouth, nose, end of urethra, anus, vagina, esophagus, cornea, conjunctiva
Stratified cuboidal epithelium location
Tubules of testes, follicles of ovaries, sweat gland ducts, salivary gland ducts
Stratified columnar epithelium location
Small amounts found where simple columnar meets startified squamous, as in the pharynx & larynx, mammary gland duct, portions of male urethra
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium location
Air passageways down to alveoli, fallopian tubes
Pseudostratifed (nonciliated) columnar epithelium location
Male reproductive tract: epididymis and vas epithelium (with stereocilia) deferens
Transitional epithelium location
Urinary bladder, ureter, superior urethra
Areolar tissue location
The supporting tissue below all apithelial basement membranes, packing between glands, muscles and nerves
Adipose tissue location
Subcutaneous fat, breast, yellow bone marrow
Around numerous organs such as the heart, kidneys, greater omentum, attached to the surface of the colon
Reticular tissue location
Supports capillaries, and nerve endings, the framework of sinusosides, as in liver, lymphoid tissues, and bone marrow, endomysium, perineurium, perichondrium, endoneurium
Within the lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow
Regular dense connective tissue location
Tendons & ligaments; ligaments between the vertebrae and along the dorsal aspect of the neck and in the vocal cords
Irregular dense connective tissue location
Most of the dermis, capsules
Sheaths and septa of epimysium, perimysium, epineurium, perineurium, perichondrium, and periosteum
Hyaline cartilage location
Fetal skeleton, costal cartilages, tip of nose, growing long bones (epiphyseal growth plates), ends of long bones, large cartilages of larynx such as thyroid and cricoid articular cartilages
Elastic cartilage location
Smaller cartilages of larynx (epiglottis), auditory tube, auricles of external ear
Fibrocartilages location
Intervertebral disks, pubic symphysis, articular disks (temporomandibular joint)
Cancellous/spongy bone location
Interior of skull bones, vertebrae, sternum, pelvis and long bones (in epiphysis)
Compact bone location
Outer portions of all bones and shaft of long bones
Blood location
In blood vessels and heart
Exocrine glands
Secretions released via a duct or tube; empties onto apical surface
Range from 1 cell (e.g., goblet cell) to multicellular
Endocrine glands
Ductless glands
Secrete hormones (by exocytosis)
Secretions released by directly into blood or fluids
Exocytosis
Where a gland packages up secretion into a membrane bound sac, walling it off from everything else.
Cell then uses energy to move it to the wall of the cell.
The sac then murges with the wall of the cell since its made out of the same material. The secretion is now outside of the cell.
Merocrine Secretion
Product released from secretory vesicles by exocytosis
Produced by majority of exocrine glands
Examples
- Sweat (merocrine and apocrine sweat glands) common in skin around the body; common on palms and soles
- Saliva (from salivary glands)
- Mucus in digestive and respiratory tracts
- Milk from mammary glands also involves some apocrine secretion
Apocrine secretion
Involves shedding some cytoplasm and secretory vesicles
Gland cell grows and repairs before more releases
Examples
- Observed in lipid droplet secretion in lactating mammary glands of many mammals
Holocrine secretion
Entire gland cell packed with secretory vesicles
Cell bursts
- Releases secretion
- Kills cell
Cells replaced by stem cells
Example
- Secretions of sebaceous glands (oil glands) *Produced by oily secretion (sebum) to coat skin and hair
Glycoproteins
Cell-adhesion molecules
Help cells stick to each other and to hold them in place in the matrix;
Bind membrane proteins to protoglycans and protein fibers in matrix
