muscles & actions Flashcards
What tissue
Skeletal muscle
What tissue
Cardiac muscle
What structure
Intercalated disc
What tissue
Smooth muscle
What muscle
Frontalis
What action
Elevates eyebrows; wrinkles forehead
Frontalis
What muscle
Occipitalis
What action
Draws scalp back (posteriorly)
Occipitalis
What muscle
Orbicularis oculi
What action
Closes eyes
Orbicularis oculi
What muscle
Orbicularis oris
What action
Closes and protrudes lips
Orbicularis oris
What muscle
Mentalis
What action
Protrudes lower lip and chin for drinking and “doubtful” expression
Mentalis
What muscle
Buccinator (under various superficial muscles)
What muscle
Buccinator (superficial muscles removed)
What action
Compresses cheek (to produce a sucking motion)
Buccinator
What muscle
Platysma
What action
Depresses mandible; tenses skin of neck
Platysma
What muscle
Masseter
What action
Elevates mandible
Masseter
What muscle
Temporalis
What action
Elevates and retracts mandible
Temporalis
What muscle
Superior rectus
What action
Rolls eyeball up
Superior rectus
What muscle
Inferior rectus
Muscle action
Rolls eyeball down
Inferior rectus
What muscle
Medial rectus
Muscle action
Rolls eyeball inward
Medial rectus
What muscle
Lateral rectus
What action
Rolls eyeball outward
Lateral rectus
What muscle
Superior oblique
What action
Rolls eyeball inferiorly and laterally (rolls eye down and out)
Superior oblique
What muscle
Inferior oblique
What action
Rolls eyeball superiorly and laterally (rolls eye up and outward)
Inferior oblique
What muscle
Digastric (anterior and posterior belly)
What action
Depresses mandible (to open mouth); fixates hyoid during swallowing
Digastric
What muscle
Mylohyoid
What action
Elevates hyoid and floor of mouth (pushes food toward pharynx [throat])
Mylohyoid
What muscle
Stylohyoid
What action
Elevates and retracts hyoid and floor of mouth during swallowing
Stylohyoid
What muscle
Sternohyoid
What action
Depresses hyoid and larynx
Sternohyoid
What muscle
Omohyoid
What action
Depresses and retracts hyoid
Omohyoid
What muscle
Omohyoid ( superior and inferior belly) (with sternocleidomastoid removed)
What action
Depresses and retracts hyoid
Omohyoid
What muscle
Sternothyroid
What action
Depresses hyoid and thyroid cartilage (part of larynx)
Sternothyroid
What muscle
Sternocleidomastoid
What muscle
Sternocleidomastoid
What action
Flexes and rotates head (as in saying yes and saying no)
Sternocleidomastoid
What muscle
Trapezium
What action
Elevates, depresses, retracts, and superiorly rotates scapula
Trapezium
What muscle
Levator scapulae
What action
Elevates scapula
Levator scapulae
What muscle
Pectoralis minor
What action
Protracts and depresses scapula and elevates ribs
Pectoralis minor
What muscle
Serratus anterior
(with pectoralis major showing)
What muscle
Serratus anterior
(with pectoralis major removed and pectoralis minor showing)
What action
Protracts superiorly rotates scapula; also elevates ribs when scapula is fixed
Serratus anterior
What muscle
Pectoralis major
What action
Flexes, adducts, and medially rotates arm
Pectoralis major
What muscle
Deltoid
What muscle
Deltoid
What action
Abducts arm; secondarily flexes and extends arm
Deltoid
What muscle
Coracobrachialis
What action
Flexes and adducts arm
Coracobrachalis
What muscle
Latissimus doris
What action
Adducts, extends, and medially rotates arm
Latissimus doris
What muscle
Supraspinatus
(trapezius removed)
What muscle
Supraspinatus
What action
Abducts arm
Supraspinatus
What muscle
Infraspinatus
(Trapezius removed)
What muscle
Infraspinatus
(trapezius and deltoid removed)
What action
Laterally rotates humerus
Infraspinatus
What muscle
Teres major
What muscle
Teres major
(deltoid removed)
What action
Adducts, extends, and medially rotates arm
Teres major
What muscle
Teres minor
What muscle
Teres minor (deltoid removed)
What action
Laterally rotates humerus
Teres minor
What muscle
Biceps brachii
What action
Flexes and supinates forearm
Biceps brachii
What muscle
Brachialis
What action
Flexes forearm
Brachialis
What muscle
Brachioradialis
What action
Flexes forearm
Brachioradialis
What muscle
Triceps brachii
What muscle
Triceps brachii
What action
Extends forearm
Triceps Brachii
What muscle
Flexor carpi radialis
What action
Flexes and abducts hand
Flexor carpi radialis
What muscle
Palmaris longus
What action
Flexes hand
Palmaris longus
What muscle
Flexor carpi ulnaris
What muscle
Flexor Carpi UInaris
What action
Flexes and adducts hand
Flexor carpi ulnaris
What muscle
Extensor carpi ulnaris
What action
Extends and adducts hand
What muscle
Extensor digitorum (extensor digitorum communis)
What action
Extends fingers and hand
Extensor digitorum
What muscle
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
What action
Extends and abducts hand
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
What muscle
Extensor carpi radialis longus
What action
Extends and abducts hand
Extensor carpi radialis longus
What muscle
External oblique
What action
Compresses abdomen; flexes and laterally flexes trunk
External oblique
What muscle
Internal oblique
What action
Compresses abdomen; flexes and laterally flexes trunk
Internal oblique
What muscle
Transverse abdominis
What action
Compresses abdomen
Transverse abdominis
What muscle
Rectus abdominis
What action
Flexes trunk; compresses abdomen
Rectus abdominis
What muscle
External intercostals
What action
Elevates ribs (spreads ribs, assisting in inspiration [inhaling])
External intercostals
What muscle
Internal intercostals
What action
Depresses ribs
(pulls ribs closer together, assisting in expiration [exhaling])
Inernal intercostals
What muscle
Diaphragm
What muscle
Diaphragm
What action
Depresses floor of thorax (increases length of thorax, expanding its volume)
Diaphragm
What muscle
Gluteus maximus
What action
Extends thigh; abducts and laterally rotates thigh
Gluteus maximus
What muscle
Gluteus medius
What action
Abducts and medially rotates thigh
Gluteus medius
What muscle
Gluteus minimus
(with gluteus maximus removed)
What muscle
Gluteus minimus
(with gluteus maximus and medius removed)
What action
Abducts and medially rotates thigh
Gluteus minimus
What muscle
Piriformis
(with gluteus maximus and medius removed)
What action
Abducts and laterally rotates thigh
Piriformis
What muscle
Tensor fasciae latae
What muscle
Tensor fasciae latae
What action
Abducts, flexes and medially rotates thigh
Tensor fasciae latae
What muscle
iliacus
What muscle
iliacus
(with abdominal wall muscles removed)
What action
Flexes thigh
iliacus
What muscle
psoas major
What muscle
Psoas major
(with abdominal wall muscles removed)
What action
Flexes thigh; flexes and laterally flexes vertebral column
Psoas major
What muscle
Biceps femoris
What muscle
Biceps femoris
What action
Extends thigh and flexes leg
Biceps femoris
What muscle
Semitendinosus
What action
Extends thigh and flexes leg
Semitendinosus
What muscle
Semimembranosus
What action
Extends thigh and flexes leg
Semimembranosus
What muscle
Gracilis
(posterior view)
What muscle
Gracilis
What action
Adducts and medially rotates thigh; flexes leg
Gracilis
What muscle
Sartorius
What action
Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh; flexes leg
(used in crossing legs)
Sartorius
What muscle
Rectus femoris
What action
Flexes thigh and extends leg
Rectus femoris
What muscle
Vastus medialis
What muscle
Vastus medialis
(with rectus femoris removed)
What action
Extends leg
Vastus medialis
What muscle
Vastus lateralis
What action
Extends leg
Vastus lateralis
What muscle
Vastus intermedius
(with rectus femoris removed)
What action
Extends leg
Vastus intermedius
What muscle
Tibialis anterior
What action
Dorsiflexes and inverts foot
Tibialis anterior
What muscle
Soleus
(anterior view)
What action
Plantar flexes the foot
Soleus
What muscle
Gastrocnemius
(anterior view)
What muscle
Gastrocnemius
(posterior view)
What action
Plantar flexes the foot; flexes leg
Gastrocnemius
What muscle
Soleus
(posterior view with gastrocnemius showing)
What muscle
Soleus
(with gastrocnemius removed)
What action
Plantar flexes the foot
Soleus
What muscle
Tibialis posterior
(with gastrocnemius and soleus removed)
What action
Plantar flexes the foot; inverts foot
Tibialis posterior
What muscle
Flexor digitorum longus
(with gastrocnemius and soleus removed)
What action
Flexes the toes
Flexor digitorum longus
What muscle
Flexor hallucis longus
(with gastrocnemius and soleus removed)
What action
Flexes the great toe (hallux)
Flexor hallucis longus
What muscle
Fibularis longus
(with gastrocnemius and soleus removed)
What action
Plantar flexes and everts the foot
Fibularis longus
What muscle
Plantaris
What muscle
Plantaris
(with gastrocnemius removed)
What action
Plantar flexes the foot
Plantaris
What muscle
Popliteus
(with gastrocnemius removed)
What action
Flexes and rotates leg
Popliteus
What muscle
Fibularis brevis
What action
Plantar flexes and everts the foot
Fibularis brevis
What muscle
Fibularis longus
(lateral view)
What action
Plantar flexes and everts the foot
Fibularis longus
What muscle
Extensor hallucis longus
What muscle
Extensor hallucis longus
(with tibialis anterior removed)
What action
Extends the great toe (hallux); dorsiflexes foot
Extensor hallucis longus
What muscle
Extensor digitorum longus
What action
Extends the toes; dorsiflexes the foot
Extensor digitorum longus
What muscle
Extensor digitorum brevis
What action
Extends the toes
Extensor digitorum brevis
What muscle
Extensor hallucis brevis
What action
Extends the great toe (hallux)
Extensor hallucis brevis
What muscle
Abductor digiti minimi
What action
Flexes and abducts the little toe (5th toe)
What muscle
Abductor hallucis
What action
Abducts the great toe (hallux)
What muscle
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
What action
Flexes the little toe (5th toe)
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
What muscle
Flexor digitorum brevis
What action
Flexes the toe
Flexor digitorum brevis
What muscle
Flexor hallucis brevis
What action
Flexes the great toe (hallux)
Flexor hallucis brevis
What is sarcolemma
The cell membrane of a muscle fiber
