other muscle info

Question 1

Tendon

Answer 1

Made up of bundle of collagen fibers
(Dense regular connective tissue)
Connectes muscle to bone

Question 2

Aponeurosis

Answer 2

Sheet like tendons
(covers the abdomen)

Question 3

Muscle fiber

Answer 3

Is made up of several Myofibrils bunched together

Question 4

Muscle fascicle

Answer 4

AKA bundle of fibers
Made up of several muscle fibers

Question 5

Skeletal muscle

Answer 5

Made up of several bundles of muscle fascicles

Question 6

Fascia

Answer 6

Most superficial connective tissue sheath
Separates individual skeletal muscles

Question 7

Epimysium

Answer 7

Covers entire muscle under the fascia
Mostly made up of collagen fibers

Question 8

Origin

Answer 8

The anchoring point on bone where muscle originates from. Is usually the spot that does not get moved

Question 9

Insertion

Answer 9

End of the muscle that the tendon attaches to bone or other structure. Usually far side of joint so movement can occur when muscle contracts

Question 10

Prime mover

Answer 10

aka agonist
The muscle that does most of the movement

Question 11

Antagonist

Answer 11

Muscle that opposes movement of another muscle.

(this is important so that you can hold your hand up to shake someones hand and its not either hanging loosely or against your upper arm)

Question 12

Synergist

Answer 12

Muscle that helps the prime mover
Fixators are synergists

Question 13

Fixators

Answer 13

Are synergists that stabilize origin (the bone that the prime mover is connected to) of prime mover

Question 14

What muscle arrangement

Answer 14

Parallel
strap like, evenely spaces fascicles, muscle and tendon are same width

Question 15

What muscle arrangement

Answer 15

Convergent
Broad triangular shaped muscle that tapers down into a single tendon

Question 16

Pennate

Answer 16

Fascicles attach to tendon at an angle making a feather like appearance.
3 basic types
unipennate, bipennate, multipennate

Question 17

What muscle arrangement

Answer 17

Unipennate
fascicles only attached to one side of the associated tendon
(looks like a paint brush or flag)

Question 18

What muscle arrangement

Answer 18

Bipennate
Fascicles attached to both sides of the associated tendon
(looks like a feather)

Question 19

What muscle arrangement

Answer 19

Muiltipennate
Several regions of fascicles joined by connective tisse; each section helps for a single tendon

Question 20

What muscle arrangement

Answer 20

Sphincter
Circular fascicle arrangements; surround bondy openings; provide voluntary control over defication and urination

Question 21

Spiral

Answer 21

Muscle that wraps around another structure (bone)

Question 22

What muscle arrangement

Answer 22

Fusiform
Muscle midsection (belly) is thicker than each tapered end

Question 23

First class lever

Answer 23

Fulcrum sits is the middle between load and force applies

Question 24

Second class lever

Answer 24

Fulcrum is at one end of lever, applied force is near other end with the load somewhere inbetween

Question 25

Third class lever

Answer 25

Fulcrum and applied force are close together at the same end, load is near the other end
(most of the body is this lever to make for fast movement)

Question 26

Isotonic eccentric contractions

Answer 26

Constant tension where the muscle lengthens

Ex: slowly lowering a heavy object (still using muscle action to hold it up)

(elastic stretches)

Question 27

Isotonic concentric contractions

Answer 27

Constant tension where the muscle shortens

Ex: lifting an object off the ground

(concentration of muscle/contraction)

Question 28

Isometric contractions

Answer 28

Muscle length remains the same.

Ex: pushing against a wall

(one meter is the same length no matter what)