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UNIT 3 Test > Tissue > Flashcards

Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Squamous epithelial cell

A
  • scaly, flat,thin cells that don’t offer much protection
  • they fit together closely ( like crazy paving)
  • allow materials pass through by osmosis and diffusion
    Found in- lung ( alveoli), blood capillaries, bowman’s capsules of neuprons ( kidneys )
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2
Q

Cubodial epithelial cells

A

Cube shaped with spherical nuclei
- lines ducts and tubes to allow materials

Found in - kidneys ( tubules), sweat ducts, thyroid glands , breast tissue

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3
Q

Columnar epithermal cells

A

Tall with slightly oval shaped nuclei
Secretes mucous and removed unwanted particles using cilla : found in
- trachea
- bronchi
- small intestine

Found in goblet cells which secrete mucus’s in the respiratory and alimentary tract

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4
Q

Coumpound epithelial tissue

A

Varied structure
- in multiple layers
Protect deeper parts of body
Mouth
Tongue
Oesgogus
Vagina

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5
Q

where is the connective tissue lie

A

Under the epithelial tissue

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6
Q

Function Blood tissue

A

Transports materials different materials and substances around the body such as dissolved gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide and nutrients like glucose, amino acids, salts, enzymes and hormones

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7
Q

What is the function of compact bone tissue

A

Bone
- strengths
- protects
Cartilage
- protects ends of the bones
- liberates joints

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8
Q

What is the function of adipose tissue

A
  • stores fat
  • insulates
  • makes 20%-25% of body weight
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9
Q

Arelor tissue

A

Holds organ in place
- add layers to other epithermal tissues

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10
Q

What is the definition of diffusion

A
  • the passage of molecules from high concentration to low concentration
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11
Q

What is the definition of osmosis

A

The passage of water molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration through a permeable membrane

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12
Q

What is the definition of epithelial tissue

A

The lining of internal and external surfaces and body cavities

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13
Q

Where does arterial blood flow come from

A

Arterial blood flow comes from from tyr heart and is bright red ( oxygenated blood)

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14
Q

Where does venous blood flow come from

A

Venous blood flows to the heart and is dark red- deoxygenated blood

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15
Q

What does collogen do for ur skin/tissue

A
  • structural protein in the form of fibers for strength
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16
Q

What parts of the Central nervous system (CNS) include

A

Brain and spinal cord

17
Q

Automatic nervous system(ANS)

A

Part of nervous system , controlling the internal organs

18
Q

ANTAGONISTS muscles

A
  • one muscle or one sheet of muscle’s
  • contracts while opposing muscle or sheet relaxes
  • when the biceps contract, the tricepts relax
19
Q

Homeostasis in tissue/ muscles

A

Mantaining a constant internal environment despite changing circumstances
- water content surrounding cells
-PH and chemical concentration
Temperature

20
Q

What is myelin

A

Insulated sheeth around many nerve fibers
- formed proteins and phospholipids - increasing the speed of nerve conduction

21
Q

What is inside plasma
What is the colour of plasma

A

Oxygen
CO2
Nutrient
Glucose
Salt
Hormones
Animo acids
Protein( for blood clotting)
Usally yellow sometimes orange- bc of hempglobin

22
Q

What are red blood cells called / what do they carry
What are the shape of red blood cells/ Why they are that shape

A

Red blood cells are called erythrocytes
And they carry oxygen haemoglobin
- the shape of a RBC is a biconcave disc

  • RBC HAVE a biconcave disc to increase there surface area for the diffusion of oxygen across their surfaces
23
Q

What are large white cells called

A

-Granuloctyes
- defence mechasim again infection
Can change shape to engulf foreign bacteria/cells- this process is called phagocytes, polymorphs and neutrophils.
-granules in cytoplasm
- lobed nuclei

If ur white celll count is raised it could mean you have an infection or inflammation in ur body

24
Q

What are small white blood cells called

What does a neutralised microbe called

A

Lymphocytes
- body defence mechanisms
- help body produce antibodies

Lymphocytes can identify antigen as diseases causing microbes or pathogens have antigens on there surface which act as an identity maker

  • antibodies, specific to the antigen, attach and neutralise the antigen, prevring it from multiplying
  • a neutralised microbe is called phagocyted
25
Q

What is a LARGER form of white blood cell called ( information about them )

What is the name for a thing that help with blood clotting

A

Monocytes- can leave blood vessel in sight of an infection
- effect of phagoctysis

  • thrombocytes - platelets - blood clotting
26
Q

Muscle - straited

A

Known has voulntry or skeletal muscle

Attach to bones of the Skelton

Contracts when it recieves nerve impulses from central nerve system (CNS) creating movement
Muscle fibers contain thousands of fibres
Each fibre has alternate light or dark bands which are made out of muscle protein
Straited- parrell strips

27
Q

Muscle - non stariated

A
  • also non as non voulntry or smooth muscle
    Appearance - sheets
  • made up in spindle shaped fibres with single nuclei
  • smooth muscle can not be contracted by our own thoughts ( ANS)
  • Impluse are supplied by automatic nervous system
  • found in
  • stomach
    -intensities
  • eyes
  • bladder and uterus
  • it is not attached to the bone
    This is responsible for - peristalsis in the intestines
28
Q

Muscles cardiac
One place u can find this muscle

A

Also known as myocardium
• Found only in the four chambers (atria and ventricles) of the heart
• Forms a branching network
• so contractions can spread rapidly
• Rhythmically contracts (beats) without nervous stimuli
• is controlled, in a healthy heart, by the autonomic nervous system
• The autonomic nervous system controls the rate of contraction via the
nerves in order to adapt the flow of blood to specific circumstances
• e.g. rest and exercise

29
Q

THe neverous tissue

A

brain
spinal cord
nerves
– Receives stimuli from both external and internal sources​
- Aims to maintain homeostasis, coordination and communication between different parts of the body.
- interprets stimuli from sense organs​
Vision​
Hearing​
Smell​
Touch ​
Taste​

30
Q

What two things are nervous tissues composed of and what are there function

A

neurons- trasmit nervous impuseles
present only in the brain and spinary cord
Neurologia-
cells offer support and protection
forms myelin
assists in homeostasis

31
Q

What is bone made from ( two components )

A

collegen- offer the ability to bend under strain to prevent bone from being to brittle and likely to fracture
calcuim- give bones hardness

32
Q

What is the function of bone/skeletal system?

A

protects vitial organs
protect vital organs
faciliate in movement

33
Q
  1. What are ephithelial tissue
    - - what is simple ephila
    - what is compound epthelila
  • WHAT are 4 types of ephithelilal tissue
  • 3 functions of epithelial tissue
A

1.The act as a barrier on the inside of organs and protect them from wear tear and bacteria
- simple epthelila- one layer ( columnar, squamous and cillated)
Coumpound - several layers ( simple and keratinised )

4 types
- simple cuboidal
- simple squamous
- simple columnar
- cilated

3 functions
- protection
- secrection
- absorption

34
Q

EXPLAIN the function of epithial tissue
WHAT DOES EPITHELIL TISSUE PROTECT

A
  • in cilated epithelial epithelial tissue, the goblet cells ( part of the tissue), releases mucus into the area which catches any foreign substances such as dust and the cilia push the mucus out of the body.
  1. Surface of organs
    - skin
    - lines body cavities
35
Q

Explain the secreaction of epithelial tissue
Explain the absorption of ephithelilal tissue
Name 2 materials epithelial tissues help absorb
What are body cavities?
Explain the role of hormones
Hormones

A

During the secrection of epithelial tissues, the lining of the glands which are made from ephlilal tissue releases hormones in blood stream

  • ephithelial tissue help absorb materials such as nutrients which are absorbed by the lining of large instenstines

Oxygen - nutrients
Body cavities give space for organs such as the heart, lungs, and liver to develop, expand and move

Hormones influence different body functions such as growth, reproduction, and sleep

36
Q

What is compound epithelial tissue
What is kertainsed epithelial tissue
5 types of connective tissue
What are the functions of connective tissue

A

It is a compound epithelial tissue which is found on outer surfaces of the body such as the skin●
This tissue has keratin, a protein with water–like proofing qualities that prevents bacteria from entering thebody●
It is important to take care of your skin to prevent cracks and bacteria from entering your body

• Blood bone cartilage
: adipose and arelor

The functions of- to protect vital organs ( heart , heart brain )
- transports ( substances in blood )
- insulates ( adipose tissue prevent heat loss )

37
Q

What is the matrix and where is it found

What is blood clotting and how can it be harmful

A

Matrix is background material found in tissue ( supports and protects )
Found in
- arelor tissue which are jelly like
- blood which is liquid
- cartaliage which is firm and secure
Bone which is hard

  • blood clotting prevent bacteria prevent cut from getting deeper or infected
  • blood clots are harmful because if there is blood clot in the ateries in the heart it can stop the pathway of healthy blood being transported around the body
  • cause stoke or heart attack
    _
38
Q

Characteristics of muscle tissue which contribute to muscle functioning

A

Contractability- the ability to shorten and thicken
Irritability - the ability to respond to stimuli created by nerve impulses
Extensibility - the ability to stretch
Elasticity- ability to return to its original shape following contraction

UNIT 3 Test (12 decks)

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