endocrine system Flashcards
organs in the endocrine system
hypothalmus
pitutitary gland
thyroid gland
ovaries in females
right-
adernal glands
islets of langerhans in the pancreas
testes in male
what are the functions of endocrine system
regulation of body activates ( e.g growth)
control the reproductive processes
homostasis
what is the hypothalamus
controls the pituitary gland by producing releasing and inhabiting hormones that regulate our moods thirst and sleep
what is the pituaryy gland
secertes hormones that are important in regulation of growth, control of sex organs and osomoregulation including
growth hormone- controls growth of bone, muscle and soft tissue
FSH- stimulates the relisease of ova and sperm
LH - causes ovulation and the formation of the corpus lutem in the ovary and seceraction of testrone in testes
oxytociin– causes contractions of the uterus during childbirth
ADH- causes water reabsorbtion in the kidneys
Thyriod
secrets calcitonin
- to regulate blood and tissue and calcuim level
thyroxine- to control growth, devlopment and metabolic rate
adernal gland
adrenaline - enables the body to react to stress ( flight or flight ) by increasing heat rate, breathing rate and redistributing blood to muscles
aldosterone - acts in the kidney to control sodium, potassium and water balance, stabilizing blood volume and blood pressure.
pancreas
cells called islets of langerhans secrests to hormones
gucogen - increase blood glucose levels
insulin- reduce blood glucose levels
Pancreatic enzymes break down all three macronutrients
proteins
fats
carbohydrates
Pancreatic enzymes breakdown of complex food molecules into:
amino acids
glucose and similar simple sugars
fatty acids
glycerol
ovaries
secrets oestrogen and progesterone
oestrogen- involvedin the developmen of secondary characteritcs and regulation of reproductive system.
progestrone- secrerted after ovulation and linked to potential pregency.
testes
secretes testerone which is invloved in the development in the development of male secondary character
what is diabetes mellitus type 1 and type two
type 1 - a autoimmune disease where body mistakeling attacks insulin producing beta cells in pancreas, leading not being able to produce insulin
no insuiln= glucose not entering cell- HBD
type 2- where body becomes resistant to insulin or doesnt produce enough
SYmtoms
- frequent urination- causes kidney to work harder to filter and absorb excess glucose, excess glucose is excreted in urine pulling water with it leading to frequent urination
- Hunger- cells are unable to access glucose for energy due to lack of insulin leading to increased hunger as body seeks energy
slower healing wounds- more suspetible to skin infections, wounds and cuts to take a long time to heal- HBS- bacteria and fungi to grow WBC impairment
BOdily systems
cardiovasular systems
- damage to blood vessels- build up of fatty deposits in aterie, leads to poor circulation, heart attack and stroek
kidney- damage to filiter waste in blood leading to kidney failure + sysmtoms for urination
integumenerty system( skin) - - everything said for skin, slower healing wounds bacteria and fungui and wbc impairment
hypotheoidism
a autoimmune condition where the thyriod gland does not produce enough thyriod hormones
symtoms- hair growth , hair thinning,premature grey hair, disrupts the hair cyle
weight gain- due to slower metablism, reducdes the numebr of calories body burns, leading to weight gain
cold intolerence- less senergy available to regulate body tempreture, less hear production
bodily systemss-
Nervous system- thyroid hormones influence mood/increase emotions
reproductive system - heavy periods, menstraul cycle , miscarrage ,,,, erractual dysfunction
cardiovascular - slows heart rate,, blood pressure to rise , chloestrol
Diabetes insipidus
imbalance in the body’s ability to regulate water, insufficient production to release or respond to ADH which is responsible for water reabsorption in the kidneys
symtoms- excessive thirst- body way to compensate for peeing to much , duilute blood electrotyes, sodim hypoaterima, unable to produce ADH and concenrate urine ( kidneyy)
unxplained weight loss - loss of fluid as body depletes water stores to compensate - underlying kidney problems - malabsorption - vit and min
LBP- reduced blood voulume, lead to drop in dlood pressure, fainting , dissiness, struggles to pump blood around body ( cardiovascular)
