Tick-borne diseases

Question 1

Borrelia burgdorferi
vector
CS in humans
CS dogs

Answer 1

Lyme disease
vector = Ixodes (acquired from white-footed mouse)
CS in humans: erythema migrans (cutaneous rash)
CS in dogs: arthritis, lymphadenopathy, fever, anorexia

Question 2

Ehrlichia
vector 1 carries what agent? what does it cause?
vector 2 carries what agent? what does it cause?
CS

Answer 2

vector 1 = Ambylomma

agent: Anaplasma phagocytophila (used to be called E. ewingii)
causes: Canine GRANULOCYTIC ehrlichiosis

vector 2 = Rhipicephalus

agent: Ehlirchia canis
causes: Canine MONOCYTIC ehrlichiosis

CS: fever, anorexia, edema of limbs, oral vesicles, petechiation, joint pain and swelling, aqueous flare and retinitis, hypoalbuminemia, increased ALP

Question 3

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
agent
vector
CS
pathogenesis

Answer 3

agent: Rickettsia rickettsii
vector: Dermacentor
CS: same as ehrlichia (fever, edema of limbs, oral vesicles, joint pain, etc) BUT RMSF has a clinical course >2 weeks
patho: vasculitis!

Question 4

Francisella tularensia
how are cats and dogs infected?
vector?
zoonotic?
which animal is relatively resistant?
CS

Answer 4

Tularemia
cats and dogs infected by close contact with RABBITS
vector = ticks
zoonotic - potential biowarfare agent
the dog is relatively resistant
CS: depression, fever, anorexia, lymphadenopathy, oral ulceration

Question 5

Cytauxzoon felis
vector
CS
what does it look like?

Answer 5

vector = dermacentor
CS: almost 100% fatal - dark urine, icterus, fever, DIC, anemia
- ring-shaped organism in RBCs or schizonts in spleen, liver, bone marrow, etc.

Question 6

Anaplasma marginale
seen in what animal
how is it transmitted?
what does it cause? 
tx

Answer 6

cows
any blood feeding insect but mostly ticks
causes extravascular hemolysis but NO hemoglobinuria (which is how you differentiate it)
tx: oxytetracycline

Question 7

Babesia
animals effected
vector
what does it cause
which animals are predisposed?
tx

Answer 7

cow, dogs and horses 
vector: BOOPHILUS ticks
causes RBC destruction --> anemia and thrombocytopenia
- greyhounds and pit bulls predisposed
tx: imidocarb

Question 8

Ehrlichia ruminantium
what is the disease?
vector?
what does it cause?

Answer 8

Heartwater disease
vector: Amblyomma - seen in Africa and west indies
causes fatal encephalitis in ruminants

Question 9

Epizootic bovine abortion (EBA)
common name for disease?
vector?
CS?

Answer 9

foothills abortion (CA foothills)

• vector: Ornithodoros coriaceus (soft tick)
• CS: aborted fetus showing large LN and spleen, destructed thymus

Question 10

Otobius megnini
what kind of tick?
where does it like to live and on what animal?

Answer 10

soft tick

likes ears, cattle rub and scratch at ears