Pigs Flashcards
Pseudorabies Disease name CS Mortality Geographic distribution
Aujezky’s disease
CS: piglets get anorexia, ataxia, convulsions, hypersalivation, nystagmus and seizures, and death
Mortality: can reach 100% in naive populations
Geography: FAD - south america, europe and asia
Mycoplasma suis Disease name Age range CS Transmission Treatment
Eperythrozoonosis
Younger pigs more severely affected
CS: anemia, fever, icterus, reproductive failure
Transmission: vectorborne biting insects
Treatment: tetracyclines (no vax available)
Serotypes for salmonella
Dubin and Enteriditis
Choleraesuis
Newport
Typhimurium
Swine pox Age affected CS Transmission Treatment
Age: all ages susceptible but young and growing pigs more severely affected
CS: round papules, pustules and vesicles and scabs on ventral abdomen
Transmission: biting insects, particularly lice
Treatment: none necessary unless secondarily infected in which case broad-spec abx may be used
what does Parvovirus cause?
Stillborns and mummies
NOT abortions!
What 3 diseases commonly cause abortions in pigs?
- PRRS
- Lepto
- Pseudorabies
What does Brucella suis commonly cause in pigs?
Infertility
NOT abortions and NOT mummies
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP)
What are common indications of APP?
What is the pathophys of APP?
Tx
Common indications: acute outbreak of sudden death in a herd over a span of a couple days - blood tinged nasal discharge, coughing
Virulence of APP is due to exotoxin production by the bacteria which causes vasculitis and hemolysis, especially in the lungs
Tx with ceftiofur and tulathromycin
If you see a pig presenting with lameness what 4 diseases should you immediately think of?
- Erysipelothrix (diamond skin disease)
- Haemphilus parasuis (glasser’s)
- Streptococcous suis
- Mycoplasma hyorhinis
what is the treatment for Pseudorabies?
Depopulation of the herd
What are the clinical signs of pseudorabies in pigs < 10 weeks old?
Primarily respiratory: sneezing, nasal discharge and coughing
What are the CS of pseudorabies in pigs >10w old?
Respiratory and CNS signs
What are the CS in pseudorabies < 3 weeks old?
Fever, anorexia, vomiting, blindness, convulsions and other neuro signs
What is the most common mycobacterium cause of TB in swine in the US?
Mycobacterium avium
PRRS
What type of disease is it? (Bacterial, viral, etc)
CS of neonates, weaned pigs, gestating sows and boars?
Treatment?
Arterivirus
Neonate CS: diarrhea and recurrent fevers
Weaned CS: anorexic, cough, dyspnea (“thumps”), purple ear tips and tails due to vasculitis
Gestating sows: abortions, mummies and early embryonic death
Boars: infertility due to interference with spermatogenesis
Treatment: depop or closing the herd until titers are done
Describe teh classic clinical presentation of a swine influenza outbreak
High fevers and nasal discharge that can spread thru up to 80% of a herd in 3 days
Proliferative hemorraghic Enteritis (PHE) Disease name Causitive agent Pathognomonic lesion Age CS Most consistent sign Similar to what disease in ruminants?
Acute Ileitis
Caused by: Lawsonia Intracellularis
Pathognomonic lesion: red clotted blood in the small intestine and spiral colon (no gross thickening of intestinal mucosa)
Age: weaned and older pigs
CS: soft yellow diarrhea, hemorrhagic diarrhea, lost weight, lethargy
Most consistent sign: weight loss
Similar to johne’s disease in ruminants!
Common causes of obstruction in pigs and treatment options
- Peach pits lodged in jejunum of pot bellied pigs
- Fibrous rings around spiral colon or SI
- Intussusception from strongyle (oesophagostomum) infections
Treatment: surgery and/or deworming for rest of herd
Ascaris suum
What worm is this?
What lesion is most commonly seen?
Roundworm
Will see “milk spots” on the liver - subcapsular white spots on the liver
What dermatophyte is most commonly associatd with ringworm in the pig?
Microsporum nanum
Strongyles
Most common lesion
CS
Intussusceptions and/or intestinal obstruction
CS: vomiting is most common clinical sign, tachycardia, restless, colic, will have no stool
Trichinella spiralis
How is it most commonly contracted?
How is it prevented?
What is important fact to remember about this worm?
Contracted in pigs thru ingesting rodents, raw garbage or cannibalism of infected meat
Prevention: prevent from cannibalizing the dead or eating rodents and cooking garbage fed to them
Impt to remember: this is a zoonotic worm; humans get it from eating undercooked pork
Taenia solium What is this worm commonly called? What are the two forms of this disease and in what species do they occur? Who is IH? Describe the lifecycle
Pork tapeworm
Taeniasis - adult tapeworms; occurs in ppl
Cysticercosis - larval form encysted in skeletal muscle; occurs in pigs though it can occur in humans too and cause disease
IH: pigs
Lifecycle
1. Pigs ingest infected human feces containing eggs or onchospheres
2. Cysticerci (larva) encyst in the skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle of the pig. Rarely ever causes CS in pigs
3. Humans ingest inadequately cooked pork containing the cysticerci which then evaginate and attach to the human SI and develop into adult tapeworms. This is the only way these tapeworms can complete their lifecycle.
4. The adults shed eggs which must also be ingested in cyst form in order to complete their lifecycle
Strongyloides ransomi What type of worm is this? What is the MC of transmission? Where do they reside in their host? CS Dx Tx
Threadworm of pigs
transmission: transcolostrally
They reside in the SI of suckling pigs
CS: typically none in light infections but in heavy infections can see diarrhea, anemia, emaciation and even death
Dx: fecal flotation, intestinal mucosal scraping or necropsy
Tx: benzimidazoles and ivermectin
What are the clinical signs of Vitamin A deficiency and in what age range?
What should tip you off that this is likely a Vit a defiency?
What can it cause in sows?
Age range: young grower pigs
CS: head tilt, incoordination, reduced weight gain, weak rear limbs, but normal vital signs (this should tip you off to a nutritional deficiency)
The big tip off for Vit A deficiency in pigs is middle ear infections
In sows, can cause embryonic mortality and congenital defects in offspring
