Thyroid Gland

Question 1

What secretes thyroxine ?

Answer 1

Thyroid follicular cells

Question 2

What secretes calcitonin (calcium-lowering hormone) ?

Answer 2

Parafollicular cells (C cells)

Question 3

What are the function of thyroid hormones ?

Answer 3

Calorigenic action
Protein metabolism
Carbohydrate metabolism
Fat metabolism

Question 4

Explain the calorigenic action of the thyroid hormones

Answer 4

T3 and T4 increase the metabolic rate and O2 consumption in most tissue leading to excess of heat production

Question 5

Explain the protein metabolism action of the thyroid hormones

Answer 5

T3 and T4 will result in more protein catabolism compared to protein synthesis leading to a fall in muscle mass and body weight

Question 6

Explain the carbohydrate metabolism action of the thyroid hormones

Answer 6

T3 and T4 stimulate glycogenolysis leading to rise of the blood glucose levels (diabetogenic)

Question 7

Explain the fat metabolism action of the thyroid hormones

Answer 7

T3 and T4 lead to lypolysis and fall in body weight and lower blood cholesterol

Question 8

What does regulation of the thyroid gland include ?

Answer 8

Hypothalamic- pituitary-thyroid axis