Female Reproductive System Flashcards
What is the sex cycles in female ?
What is menarche ?
The first menstrual period
What is thelarche ?
The first event at puberty
What is pubarche ?
Development of axillary and pubic hair
What is the order of sex cycle in females ?
Thelarche, pubarche, menarche
What are the phases of the ovarian cycle ?
Proliferative phase, ovulation and luteal phase
What hormone is required for proliferative phase ?
Estrogen
What does LH produce ?
Estrogen
What is the LH surge responsible for ?
Ovulation
What is the function of FSH ?
Help in development of ova
What helps in development of ovary ?
Estrogen
When is the maximal peak of estrogen ?
Just before ovulation
What is the action of estrogen on the primary sex organs ?
What is the action of estrogen on the secondary sex organ the uterus ?
Produce the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle
What is the action of estrogen on the secondary sex organ the uterine (fallopian) tubes?
Estrogen increases their motility
What is the action of estrogen on the secondary sex organ the uterine cervix ?
Estrogens make the cervical mucus thin and alkaline
What is the action of estrogen on the secondary sex organ the vagina?
Estrogen causes cornification of the vaginal epithelium and increase the acidity of vaginal secretions
What does estrogen also regulate ?
Many other hormones
When does progesterone increase ?
In second half of the menstrual cycle
From where is progesterone secreted ?
The ovaries mainly by the corpus luteum
The placenta - during pregnancy
What is progesterone often called?
Hormone of pregnancy
What is the action of progesterone on the uterus ?
Progesterone increases during secretory phase
It decreases the excitability of the myometrium and its sensitivity to oxytocin thus promoting uterine relaxation which is essential for pregnancy maintenance
What is the action of progesterone on the anterior pituitary gland and hypothalamus ?
Progesterone inhibits LH secretion by a negative feedback mechanism so it can prevent ovulation and produce contraception
What is the action of progesterone on the body ?
It is thermogenic so causes rise of the body temperature at the time of ovulation
When is oxytocin present ?
At the end of pregnancy
