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Pathology > Thrombosis > Flashcards

Thrombosis Flashcards

1
Q

What is vasoconstriction?

A

Brief, local reduction in blood flow. Endothelium is damaged and releases endothelin causing vasoconstriction

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2
Q

Primary haemostasis

A

Sub enodthelial structures exposed, produced VWF, binds to collagen. Platelets GP1B surface proteins bind to vWF on collagen. Positive feedback loop.

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3
Q

Platelets change shape, release more vWF and thromboxane A2 which leads to GP11B/IIIA expression. What does GP11B/IIIA bind to?

A

Fibrinogen, linking platelets to make a platelet plug

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4
Q

What is a key enzyme that act wihtin amplification system

A

Thrombin

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5
Q

extrinsic pathway activated by tissue factor _ when tissue factors is exposed to blood

A

7

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6
Q

The intrinsic pathway begins when factor __ is exposed to collaged which is activated by factors in the blood

A

12

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7
Q

What is the common pathwya of the coagulation cascade?

A

Factors X, V, II, I, XIII which ultimately converts fibrinogen to fibrin

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8
Q

Where are almost all the coagulation factors and inhibitors synthesised?

A

Liver

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9
Q

Factor 12 contacts negatively charged phosphates on platelets and subendothelial c_______ 12a

A

collagen

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10
Q

12a cleaves factor 11 into factor ___

A

11a

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11
Q

11a (+ Ca) cleaves factor 9 into __

A

9a

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12
Q

9a + 8a (binds to vWF) and c____ and enters the common pathway

A

calcium

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13
Q

10 is cleaved to __

A

10a

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14
Q

Xa 10a cleaves factor _ into factor __

A

5 to 5a

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15
Q

Factor 10a + 5a + calcium forms a p_____________ complex

A

prothrombinase

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16
Q

Prothrombin (2) is cleaved to t_____ (2a)

A

thrombin

17
Q

Thrombin activates platelets, cofactors (V, VIII, IX); cleaves f______ , stabilisizing factor (13a + calcium = cross links in mesh)

A

fibrinogen

18
Q

True or false, thrombin activates platelets

A

True

19
Q

True of false, thrombin ensures clot stabilisation by activating factor 13?

A

True

20
Q

PT is the measure of time taken for the blood to c___ via the extrinsic pathway

A

clot

21
Q

APPT is the measure of time taken for the blood to clot via the _______ pathway

A

intrinsic

22
Q

TT is the time taken for f______ to convert to f____

A

fibrinogen, fibrin (thrombin)

23
Q

Plasminogen activators are released from endothelial cells which cleave plasminogen to plasmin which rapidly digest the f_____ c____

A

fibrin clot

24
Q
A

Pathology (16 decks)

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