Invasion and metastasis Flashcards

1
Q

carcinoma in situ

A

Cancer cells just in epithelial cells and not passed through the basement membrane

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2
Q

Invasive carcinoma

A

Cancer cells does invade past the basement membrane

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3
Q

micro-invasive carcinoma

A

Cancer cells only just through the basement membrane 1-2mm

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4
Q

How does a carcinoma invade the basement membrane?

A

uses proteases and enzymes to degrade the collagen and other materials of the basement membrane

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5
Q

Once through the basement membrane, tumour cells invade the e______ matrix

A

extracellular

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6
Q

Tumour cells can then invade the venous blood supply of l_____ system

A

lymphatic

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7
Q

Tumours need their own b____ s____ to grow into larger lumps

A

blood supply

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8
Q

Tumour cells needs to be m____ to metastasis

A

mobile

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9
Q

What helps a tumour cell motility?

A

Tumour cell derived motility factors, breakdown products of extracellular matrix

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10
Q

How do tumour cells evade the host’s immune defence?

A

Aggregates with platelets, can shed the surface antigens and can stick to other tumour cells

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11
Q

What do the tumour cells needs to grow at the metastatic site?

A

Growth factors (often self-derived)

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12
Q

What are angiogenesis promoters?

A

Vascular endothelial growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor

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13
Q

What are angiogenesis inhibitors?

A

Angiostatin, endostatin, vasculostatin

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14
Q

What is avastin an inhibitor of?

A

Angiogenesis

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15
Q

Where is a common place for metastasis?

A

Lungs (like a filter)

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16
Q

Which tumour more commonly metastasise to the liver?

A

Colon, stomach, pancreas, carcinoid tumours of intestine

17
Q

What scan can be used to confirm metastasise due to detecting a strong blood supply to the suspected area?

A

PET

18
Q

What tumours more commonly metastasis to bone?

A

Prostate, breast, thyroid, lung, kidney

19
Q
A