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Part 3 Final GO > Thorax and Lungs > Flashcards

Thorax and Lungs Flashcards

1
Q

What conditions is barrel chest indicative of

A

COPD and cystic fibrosis

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2
Q

Pectus excavatum is

A

depression in the sternum, looks like a sunken ship

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3
Q

Biots breathing is

A

groups of quick, shallow inspirations followed by irregular periods of apnea

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4
Q

Cheyne Strokes

A

breathing pattern characterized by alternating periods of apnea and hyperpnea; Respiratory acidosis
Possible indicator of Heart Failure

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5
Q

Kussmaul’s breathing is

A

first rapid and shallow but as metabolic acidosis worsens, breathing becomes deep, slow, labored and gasping
AKA “air hunger”
DIABETICS

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6
Q

Pitted nails indicates

A

seen with Psoriasis

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7
Q

Spinter hemorrhage in nails indicates

A

subacute bacterial endocarditis

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8
Q

Beau’s lines are

A

transverse ridging associated with acute severe disease

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9
Q

Paronychia is

A

inflammation of the nail fold near the cuticle

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10
Q

Clubbing of nails is

A

nail base has an angle >180 indicating hypoxia or COPD

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11
Q

Koilonychia is

A

spoon nail appearance indicating iron deficiency anemia

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12
Q

During tactile fremitus you noticed an increase in vibration indicating

A

fluid is in the lungs possible pneumonia

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13
Q

Tactile fremitus is decreased in patients with what conditions

A

emphysema, pneumothorax, atelectasis and pleurisy

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14
Q

During percussion of the lungs you notice hyper resonant indicating

A

increased air in chest suggesting emphysema, pneumothorax

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15
Q

During percussion of the lungs you notice dull sounds indicating

A

increased density, aka possible pneumonia, atelectasis

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16
Q

Rales are

A

small clicking/bubblying/rattling sounds seen in patients with bronchitis

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17
Q

Rhonchi are

A

sounds resembling snoring, they occur when the air is blocked or becomes rough through large airways
Bronchiectasis(widening of bronchi)

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18
Q

Wheezes are

A

high pitched sounds produced by narrow airways on EXHALATION, seen in asthmatics and patients with emphysema

19
Q

Stridor is

A

wheeze like sound heard upon INSPIRATION, usually due to airflow blockage

20
Q

Look at IRENE GOLD PG.9 Chart to study breath sounds

A

THANK YOU!

21
Q

Lobar pneumonia presents with

A

rusty brown sputum, cough for around 10 days and fever

SILHOUETTE sign

22
Q

Percussion is _______ and tactile fremitus is _______ with lobar Pneumonia

A

Percussion=dull Rales heard

Fremitus=increased

23
Q

Friedlander’s pneumonia is

A

Red currant jelly sputum and caused by Klebsiella. Old people and immunocompromised patients MC

24
Q

Pneumocystis Carinii is

A

caused by yeast or fungus MC in AIDS patients

25
Q

Cytomegalovirus is seen MC with

A

AIDS patients

26
Q

Symptoms of TB

A

low grade fever, night sweats and a yellow/green sputum cough

27
Q

What is most definitive test for diagnosing TB

A

SPUTUM CULTURE

28
Q

Ghon lesions are

A

Small white lesions seen on X-ray caused by TB

29
Q

Pleurisy presents as

A

stabbing chest pain with non productive cough

30
Q

Pleurisy sounds are

A

decreased respiratory excursion, decreased tactile fremitus, dull on percussion FRICTION RUB

31
Q

Pneumothorax presents

A

decreased chest expansion, decreased tactile fremitus, HYPERRESONANT on percussion, decreased breath sounds
AIR becomes trapped due to ruptured lung

32
Q

Atelectasis presents with

A

decreased tactile fremitus, dull on percussion, decreased chest expansion, decreased breath sounds

33
Q

what is Bronchiectasis

A

irreversible focal bronchial dilation that presents with a chronic, productive cough

34
Q

COPD presents with

A

barrel chested, long term cough with mucus, shortness of breath and wheezing

35
Q

Asthma is what type of hypersensitivy

A

TYPE 1

36
Q

Asthma presents as

A

tachycardia, tachypnea, decreased tactile fremitus and wheezing

37
Q

Emphysema patients present with

A

decreased tactile fremitus, HYPERresonanat on percussion, decreased breath sounds, wheezing

38
Q

Bronchogenic Carcinoma presents

A

non productive cough for 30+ days, dyspnea, weight loss, afebrile
Primary malignant lung tumor

39
Q

What is Sarcoidosis

A

abnormal collection of inflammatory cells that form nodules called granulomas
MC with African americans

40
Q

Hodgkin’s presents with

A

night sweats, weight loss, intense pruritus, enlarged spleen. MC in young white males

41
Q

best way to diagnose Hodgkin’s?

A

BIOPSY

42
Q

A blue bloater is

A

Chronic Bronchitis

43
Q

A Pink puffer is

A

emphysema

Part 3 Final GO (18 decks)

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