Heart Flashcards
Look at page 12 bottom half of Irene Gold
Thank you!
Pulsus Magnus is
“bounding” increased cardiac output, exercise, anxiety, fever, hyperthyroidism
Pulsus Parvus is
weak or thready, decreased stroke volume, hypovolemia, aortic stenosis, CHF
Pulsus Alternans is
alternates in amplitude; left ventricular failure
Pulsus Bisferiens is
two strong systolic peaks separated by mid systolic dip, aortic regurgitation, aortic stenosis
Pulsus Paradoxus is
decreased amplitude on inspiration, increased with EXPIRATION (>10mmHg amplitude change); COPD, bronchial asthma, emphysema, pericardial effusion
Water Hammer Pulse is
jerky pulse that is rapidly increasing and then collapsing because of aortic insufficiency
Thrills are
vibration produced by turbulent blood flow within the heart (murmurs)
Stenosis is
valve has troubling opening and the blood travels through narrow opening. LOW PITCH use the BELL of the stethoscope
Regurgitation is
valve is insufficient and blood seeps back into chamber.
HIGH pitch use the DIAPHRAGM of the stethoscope
Patent Ductus Arteriosus is
failure of shunt to close between aorta and left pulmonary artery. creates murmur than can be heard during BOTH phases of heart cycle
Tetralogy of Fallot is what three things
- Right ventricular hypertrophy
- Interventricular septal defect
- Pulmonic stenosis
What does Tetralogy of Fallot result in
creates a loud ejection murmur during systole and SEVERE cyanosis
Coarctation of the aorta is
constriction of the descending aorta which causes higher blood pressure in the upper extremity by 20mmHg when compared to lower extremity
Subclavian steal syndrome is
Proximal stenosis of the subclavian artery, MC in younger females who faint while exercising
What is MC cause of LHF
hypertension
second mc cause is aortic stenosis
what are the early signs of LHF
pulmonary edema, shortness of breath and orthopnea. Fluid first collects at the costophrenic angles
What is MC cause of RHF
LHF
What is the MC cause of mitral stenosis
Rhemuatic Fever (ASO-Titer)
What is Cor Pulmonale
when the right side of the heart fails by itself due to a lung condition
What is Angina Pectoris
coronary vasospasm, comes on with exertion
What is Printzmetal angina
Coronary vasospasm comes on with rest (atypical)
Relieved by vasodilators under tongue, usually nitroglycerin
What are the markers with a Myocardial Infarction
CK-MB elevated, increased LDH, increased SGOT
Study bottom of page 14 for
5 mins please
if there is an increased PR interval it indicates
prolonged AV nodal delay aka (Primary Heart Block)
Weinkbochs block is
two P waves before QRS aka (Secondary Heart Block)
What does it mean when the ST segment is enlarged or inverted
MI, (acute heart failure)
What is a echocardiogram used for
to evaluate the heart valves
Look at age 13 for ARMS and PRTS for heart murmurs
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