Adrenals, KUB, Sexual Health

Question 1

Cushing’s disease in caused by

Answer 1

hyperadrenalism, hypercortisolism

Question 2

Indicators of possible cushing’s

Answer 2

Moon face, buffalo hump, hirsutism(excessive body hair), hypertension

Question 3

Addison’s disease is a

Answer 3

decrease in aldosterone, Hypoadrenalism, HYPOcortisolism

Question 4

Does ACTH increase or decrease in Addison’s

Answer 4

increased causing increased melanin deposition, hyperpigmented mouth and face

Question 5

Possible signs of Addison’s

Answer 5

thin person, decreased blood pressure, weakness, fatigue, lethargy, nausea, vomiting, hair loss

Question 6

Pheochromocytoma is

Answer 6

tumor of the Adrenal Medulla

EXTREME hypertension

Question 7

Nephrolithiasis is normally made up of

Answer 7

Calcium oxalates

Question 8

Murphy’s test indicative of

Answer 8

kidney stones

Question 9

Kidney stones result in what test results

Answer 9

increased BUN, uric acid, creatinine clearance

Question 10

RBC casts are seen with what condition

Answer 10

Glomerulonephritis, with a small amount of protein

Question 11

Waxy or fatty casts seen in urine indicate

Answer 11

Nephrotic syndrome, massive proteinuria

Question 12

WBC casts in urine indicate

Answer 12

Pyelonephritis

Question 13

Urethritis is MC caused by

Answer 13

E. Coli in females presents with nitrites in the urine

Question 14

Signs and symptoms of cystitis

Answer 14

burning, painful, frequent urination with incontinence.

Suprapubic and low back pain present

Question 15

Wilm’s tumor is

Answer 15

malignant tumor of the kidney, patient normally younger that 5, abdominal mass, hematuria

Question 16

What is the aka for Wilm’s tumor

Answer 16

Nephroblastoma

Question 17

MC type of hernia is

Answer 17

indirect inguinal hernia

Question 18

Indirect hernia takes what path

Answer 18

down iguinal canal and exits at the external inguinal ring and into the scrotum. MC in kids and young adults

Question 19

Direct inguinal hernia path is

Answer 19

does NOT pass through the inguinal canal but exits directly through the external inguinal ring instead
MC in patients over 40

Question 20

Femoral hernia appears as

Answer 20

a bulge lateral and inferior to the external inguinal ring at the site of the femoral pulse

Question 21

Endometriosis is

Answer 21

abnormal endometrial tissue found outside its normal location. MC found in ovaries

Question 22

Endometriosis can present with what symptoms

Answer 22

abdominal pain, back pain, menorrhagia, painful intercourse, possible infertility

Question 23

What is a uterine fibroid

Answer 23

benign uterine tumor of smooth muscle

Question 24

Patient presentation of uterine fibroid

Answer 24

heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, painful intercourse. Uterus will have painless nodules that are irregular and firm

Question 25

Signs and symptoms of ectopic pregnancy

Answer 25

spotting, decreased blood pressure, decreased HCG

Question 26

Symptoms of normal pregnancy

Answer 26

increase HCG, nausea, weight gain, breast tenderness

Question 27

What is hydatiform mole

Answer 27

non viable embryo which develops in the placenta and presents with all signs of pregnancy VERY HIGH HCG

Question 28

Choriocarcinoma is

Answer 28

a malignancy of the placenta due to abnormal epithelium

Question 29

Fibrocystic breast disease is

Answer 29

multiple round freely moveable masses that can be palpated. bilateral breast tenderness is made worse from caffeine intake, ovulation, or menses

Question 30

What is a Fibroadenoma

Answer 30

MC benign breast tumor usually patient less than 30, non tender, singular lump, 75% unilateral

Question 31

Orange peel appearance on breast indicates

Answer 31

breast cancer

Question 32

When breast cancer spreads to bone is it blastic or lytic?

Answer 32

lytic

Question 33

bag of warms is a descriptor of

Answer 33

Varicocele

Question 34

Varicocele is

Answer 34

tortuous dilation of the spermatic veins, losing the bag of worms feeling when patient goes supine

Question 35

Where is a spermatocele located

Answer 35

epididymis

Question 36

what is a spermatocele

Answer 36

fluid filled mass in the epididymis, painless, moveable, pea sized lump located superior and posterior to testicle

Question 37

Does a spermatocele transillumate?

Answer 37

YES because it is fluid filled

Question 38

Signs and symptoms of hydrocele

Answer 38

swollen, painless, heavy and tight scrotum

Question 39

How to determine hydrocele from a scrotal hernia?

Answer 39

if you can palpate above the mass it is a hydrocele NOT a scrotal hernia

Question 40

Does a hydrocele transilluminate?

Answer 40

YES

Question 41

Epididymitis is

Answer 41

a consequence normally of a STD, scrotum is enlarged and tender

Question 42

Testicular cancer presents as

Answer 42

painless nodule on or in a testicle | DOES NOT TRANSILLUMINATE

Question 43

Benign Prostactic Hyperplasia presents with

Answer 43

enlarged, nontender, firm, smooth prostate with loss of median sulcus

Question 44

Prostatitis symptoms

Answer 44

boggy, soft, enlarged and tender prostate, increased urgency to urinate

Question 45

Prostatic Carcinoma presents as

Answer 45

Posterior lobe is hard, nodular, painless and enlarged | MC metastases is to lumbar spine via batson's plexus