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Part 3 Final GO > Eyes > Flashcards

Eyes Flashcards

1
Q

what is Adie pupil

A

sluggish pupillary reaction to light that is UNILATERAL, and caused by a parasympathetic lesion of CN3. Sometimes absent DTR’s, may also sweat excessively on one side

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2
Q

Anisocoria

A

unequal pupil size

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3
Q

Argyll Robertson is

A

bilaterally small and irregular pupils that accommodate but DO NOT react to light. Seen in patients with syphilis

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4
Q

Arroyo sign

A

sluggish pupillary reaction due to hypo-adrenalism aka

Addison’s Disease

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5
Q

Blepharitis is

A

inflammation of the eyelid seen with seborrhea, staph infection, and inflammatory processes

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6
Q

Cataracts are

A

opacities seen in the lens that are commonly seen with diabetes and in the elderly. Patients have a ABSENT red light reflex

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7
Q

What is a Chalazion

A

an infection of the meibomian gland causing a nodule which points INSIDE the eyelid

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8
Q

What does pink conjunctiva mean

A

normal

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9
Q

what does pale conjunctiva mean

A

Anemia

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10
Q

what does bright red conjunctiva mean

A

infection

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11
Q

Corneal Arcus is

A

grayish opaque ring around the cornea

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12
Q

What does Diabetic Retinopathy do to the eyes

A

affects veins more than arteries and presents with micro aneurysms, hard exudates, and neovascularization

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13
Q

What is Ectropion

A

lid is turned outward MC in elderly

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14
Q

What is Entropion

A

Lid turned inward, MC in elderly

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15
Q

Exophthalamosis is

A

lid lag/failure to cover the eyeball

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16
Q

What type of disease can an exopthalamosis be seen with

A

Graves disease if (bilateral) or if there is a tumor (unilateral)

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17
Q

Glaucoma is

A

increased intraocular pressure causing cupping of the optic disc.

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18
Q

What is the cup to disc ratio in a patient with glaucoma

A

> 1:2

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19
Q

How will a patient present with Glaucoma

A

blurring of their vision especially in the peripheral fields, as well as rings around lights. Crescent sign will be present upon tangential lighting of cornea

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20
Q

What is a Hordoleum

A

aka sty, infection of sebaceous glands causing a pimple or a boil on the eyelid

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21
Q

Whats Horner’s syndrome

A

ptosis(drooping of eyelid), miosis(excessive constriction of pupil), and anhydrous(dry eye) on the same side of the cervical sympathetics

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22
Q

What are indications of hypertensive retinopathy

A 
copperwire deformity
silverwire deformity
A-V nicking
Flame hemorrhages
cotton wool soft exudates
23
Q

What disease of the eye is associated with MS

A

Internal Ophthalmoplegia

24
Q

What is internal ophthalmoplegia

A

dilated pupil with ptosis and lateral deviation. DOESN”T react to light or accommodation, seen in patients with MS

25
Q

Uveitis/Iritis is

A

inflammation of the iris

26
Q

Uveitis/Iritis is associated with what disease

A

Ankylosing Spondylitis

27
Q

What is the MC reason for blindness in the elderly

A

macular degeneration

28
Q

Macular Drusen is

A

yellow deposits under the retina

29
Q

Is macular degeneration loss of peripheral or central vision?

A

CENTRAL VISION

30
Q

Miosis is seen in patients who have

A

severe brain damage, pilocarpine medications, and narcotic use

31
Q

What is Miosis

A

fixed and constricted pupils that react to light and accommodate

32
Q

Mydriasis is

A

dilated and fixed pupils seen with anticholinergic drugs

33
Q

Papilledema is

A

swelling of the optic disc due to increased intracranial pressure

34
Q

Does papilledema result in vision loss

A

NO, only visual loss with optic neuritis

35
Q

What patient presentation would have papilledema

A

brain tumor or brain hemorrhage

36
Q

Pinquecula is

A

yellowish triangular nodule in the bulbar conjunctiva that is HARMLESS and indicates aging

37
Q

Pterygium is

A

triangular thickening of the bulbar conjunctiva that grows across the cornea and is brought on by dry eyes
AKA Surfer’s Eye

38
Q

Ptosis is

A

drooping of the eyelid

39
Q

What conditions can present with Ptosis

A

Horner’s, CN3 paralysis, Myasthenia Gravis, MS

40
Q

Painless sudden onset of blindness indicates

A

Retinal detachment

41
Q

Curtains closing over vision, lightning flashes and floaters are indications of a possible

A

Retinal detachment

42
Q

A yellow sclera indicates

A

jaundice

43
Q

A blue sclera indicates

A

Osteogenesis imperfecta

44
Q

Xantheslasma is

A

fatty plaques on the nasal surface of the eyelids that may be normal or indicate HYPERcholeserolemia

45
Q

Myopia is

A

nearsighted

46
Q

Hyperopia

A

farsighted

47
Q

Presbyopia

A

loss of lens elasticity due to aging

48
Q

Direct light reflex tests

A

CN 2,3

49
Q

Consensual Light reflex tests

A

CN 2,3

50
Q

Swinging Light tests

A

CN 2,3 and eye pathology

51
Q

Accommodation tests

A

CN 2,3

52
Q

Cardinal fields of gaze tests

A

CN 3,4,6

53
Q

Corneal arcus is caused by

A

Hypercholesterolemia

Part 3 Final GO (18 decks)

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