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spinal anatomy > Thoracic region > Flashcards

Thoracic region Flashcards

1
Q

What is the outline of the vertebral body of a typical thoracic from superior view?

A

triangular

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2
Q

On cranial view, what is the outline of the vertebral body for the T5-T8 group?

A

the left side of the vertebral body will be flattened, the right side convex

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3
Q

What is the name given to the left side appearance of the vertebral body of T5-T8?

A

the aortic impression

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4
Q

What is he aortic impression?

A

the flattening of the superior and inferior epiphyseal rims on the left side of the vertebral body of T5-T8 which gives the vertebral body a less scalloped or less indented appearance on that side

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5
Q

What part of the vertebral body s most influenced by the aorta at T5-T8?

A

the left side superior and inferior epiphyseal rims

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6
Q

What is the height pattern of the typical thoracic vertebral body?

A

the posterior height is greater than the anterior height by one or two millimeters

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7
Q

Wha is the height patter of the intervertebral discs in the typical thoracic region?

A

the intervertebral discs are rather planar or flat with no apparent height difference between anterior and posterior heights

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8
Q

What is the principal causer of the posterior curve of the thoracic spine?

A

the vertebral body height differences

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9
Q

What is another way of naming a posterior curve pattern?

A

a kyphotic curve

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10
Q

What joint classification are identified at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

A

fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis, cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis and synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)

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11
Q

How may synovial joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic??

A

four

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12
Q

How many symphysis joints are formed with the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

A

two

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13
Q

How many syndesmosis joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

A

typically four are identified ( as many as eight if the costocentral stellate/radiate ligaments are included)

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14
Q

How many joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

A

typically ten (fourteen is the costocentral stellate/radiate ligaments are included)

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15
Q

What is the name given to the joint formed between the vertebral body and rib?

A

costocentral joint

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16
Q

How many costocentralrh joints are formed at the vertebral body of typical thoracic?

A

four

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17
Q

Which of the demi-facets on the vertebral body of a typical thoracic is larger?

A

the superior costal demi-facet

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18
Q

What feature will provide assistance in maintaining the stability of the intervertebral foramen in the typical thoracics?

A

the costocentral joint or ribs

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19
Q

What is the rib - vertebral body combination at the intervertebral foramen for the ____ nerve? Let’s use the T6 nerve

A

the inferior costal demi-facet of T6 will join with the superior articular surface of the head of the seventh rib
the superior costal demi-facet of T7 will joint with the inferior articular surface of the head of the seventh rib

20
Q

What ligaments support the costocentral joint?

A

the cosotcentral stellate/radiate ligament and the costocentral interarticular or intra-articular ligament

21
Q

What does the costocentral intra-articular or interarticular ligament connect to?

A

the interartcular or intra-articular crest of the head of the rib ad the intervertebral disc

22
Q

What is the size relationship between the articulating surface of the head of the rib and the costal demi-facet surface?

A

the rib surface is greater than the costal demi-facet surface

23
Q

Which muscle(s) is attached to the vertebral body of T2 or T3?

A

the longus colli

24
Q

What is the position and direction of the pedicle from the typical thoracic vertebral body?

A

the pedicle arises from the upper third of the vertebral body and projects posterior and slightly laterally

25
Q

What is the angulation of the pedicle in the typical thoracic region?

A

ten to fifteen degrees posterolateral from the sagittal plane

26
Q

Which X-ray view is used to see into the intervertebral foramen of a typical thoracic?

A

the lateral view

27
Q

What is the overlap of the lamina called in the typical thoracic region?

A

shingling

28
Q

What is the outline of the vertebral foramen in the typical thoracic region?

A

oval to circular

29
Q

In which plane will the size of the vertebral foramen of a typical thoracic be greatest?

A

the transverse plane, the vertebral transverse diameter

30
Q

What are the osseous parts of the costotransverse joint?

A

the transverse costal facet and the articular surface of the tubercle of a rib

31
Q

What ligaments support the costotransverse joint of a typical thoracic?

A

the superior costotransverse, inferior costotransverse, and lateral costotransverse ligaments

32
Q

Which muscles may attach to the transverse process of a typical thoracic?

A

the longissimus thoracis, longissimus cervicis, longissimus capitis, semispinalis thorcis, semispinalis cervicis, semispinalis capitis, multifidis, rotator longus, rotator brevis, intertransversarii, levator costarum longus and levator costarum brevis

33
Q

How can you distinguish between a T2-T2 from T5-T8 segment using the articular process?

A

at T2-T4 the width between the superior articular processes is greater than the width between the inferior articular processes of that vertebrae
at T5-T8 the width between the superior articular processes is equal to or the same as the width between the inferior articular processes of that vertebrae

34
Q

What is the orientation of the superior articular facet of a typical thoracic?

A

They face backward, upward, and lateral (BUL)

35
Q

What is the orientation of the inferior articular facet of a typical thoracic?>

A

they face forward, downward, and medial (ForMeD)

36
Q

How many synovial joints are present at a typical thoracic?

A

ten

37
Q

How many synovial joint surfaces for ribs are present on a typical thoracic?

A

six

38
Q

Identify the synovial joint surfaces for ribs that are present on a typical thoracic.

A

two superior costal demi-facets, two inferior costal demi-facets, two transverse costal facets

39
Q

What is the name given to the overlap of spinous processes in the thoracic region?

A

imbrication

40
Q

Imbrication will be more pronounced for what region of the thoracics?

A

T5-T8

41
Q

What thoracic has the longest spinous process?

A

T8

42
Q

What is the angulation of the spinous process in the typical thoracic region?

A

the undersurface of T2-T4 spinous processes will angle up to forty degrees from the horizontal plane
the undersurface of T5-T8 spinous processes will angle up to sixty degrees from the horizontal plane

43
Q

Which muscles may attach to the spinous process of a typical thoracic?

A

the trapezius, latissimus dorsi, rhomboid major, serratus posterior superior, splenius cervicis, splenius captis, spinalis thoracis, spinalis cervicis spinalis capitis, semispinalis thoracis, multifidis, rotator longus, rotator brevis and interspinalis

44
Q

What features will allow discrimination between T2-T4 and T5-T8 segmental groups?

A

the vertebral body, transverse process, articular process and spinous process

45
Q

On cranial view, what is the outline of the vertebral body for the segment T2-T4?

A

the vertebral body will have bilaterally convex sides

spinal anatomy (36 decks)

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