Myology of the back

Question 1

What forms the spinal accessory nerve innervating the trapezius?

Answer 1

C1-C5 cord levels contribute to the spial root of the spinal accessory nerve

Question 2

The lattissimus dorsi is innervated by what nerve?

Answer 2

the thoracodorsal nerve

Question 3

What forms the thoracodorsal nerve innervating the lattissimus dorsi?

Answer 3

ventral rami from C6-C8

Question 4

What forms the dorsal scapular nerve?

Answer 4

the ventral ramus of C5

Question 5

What is the innervation of the splenius capitis?

Answer 5

dorsal rami of middle cervical spinal nerves (C3-C5 cord levels)

Question 6

Splrniud cervicis will attach to what location on the spine?

Answer 6

lateral mass of C1 & posterior tubercle of transverse process on C1-C4

Question 7

What forms the dorsal scapular nerve?

Answer 7

the ventral ramus of C5

Question 8

Which muscles are identified as erector spinae or sacrospinalis muscles?

Answer 8

iliocostalis, longssimus, spinalis

Question 9

What is the innervation of the iliocostalis umborum?

Answer 9

dorsal rami of lower thoracic and all lumbar spinal nerves

Question 10

What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the iliocostalis thoracis?

Answer 10

none

Question 11

What is the insertion for the iliocostalis thoracis?

Answer 11

costal angle of the upper 6-7 ribs, transverse process of C7

Question 12

What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the longssimus thoracis?

Answer 12

accessory process & transverse processes of L1-L5, spinous processes of L3-L5 and median sacral crest of S1-S3

Question 13

What is the innervation of the longissimus cervicis?

Answer 13

dorsal rami of C4-C8 and T1-T2 spinal nerves (C4-C8 &T1-T2 cord levels)

Question 14

What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the spinalis thoracis?

Answer 14

spinous processes of T11 & T12-L1 &’ L2

Question 15

Which muscles are identified as transversospinalis muscles?

Answer 15

semispialis, multifidis and rotators

Question 16

How many vertebrae can be attached to a single segment by transversospinalis muscles?

Answer 16

as many as nine vertebrae

Question 17

What segment will represent the lowest attachment site for the semispinalis thoracis?

Answer 17

T12

Question 18

What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the smispinlis ervicis?

Answer 18

transverse tubercles of T1-T5 or T6 & articular processes of C4-C7

Question 19

What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the semispinalis capitis?

Answer 19

Tranverse tubercles of C7, T1-T6 or T7 & articular processes of C4-C6

Question 20

The semispinalis capitis and spinalis capitis may fuse to form what muscle?

Answer 20

biventer cervicis

Question 21

What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the classic multifidis?

Answer 21

articular process of C4-C7, transverse processes of T1-T12, mammillary processes of L1-L5 and the dorsal surface of S1-S4 or S5

Question 22

Contraction of the classic multifidis will result in what movements of the vertebral column?

Answer 22

lateral flexion & rotation of the sine, maintains the lumbar lordotic curve and prevents entrapment of zygapophyseal capsular ligament during movement

Question 23

Contraction of multifidis cervicis will result in what movement?

Answer 23

alters the zygapophyseal capsular ligament responses to load distribution determines the cervical spine response to injury as evidenced by neck ad is a significant contributor to postural control of the head and neck

Question 24

Contraction of multifidis lumborum will result in what movements?

Answer 24

lateral flexion & rotation of the lumbar spine, maintains the lumbar lordotic curve and prevents entrapment of lumbar zygapophyseal capsular ligament during movement

Question 25

Which muscles of the spine exhibit a reversal of the expected origin - insertion combination?

Answer 25

iliocostalis lumborum pars lumborum, longissimus thoracic pars lumborum and multifidis lumborum

Question 26

Rotator muscles are typically identified in what region of the spine?

Answer 26

the thoracic region

Question 27

Which suboccipital muscle lacks an attachment to the skull?

Answer 27

obliquus capitis inferior

Question 28

Which nerve will innervate all suboccipital muscles?

Answer 28

the dorsal ramus of C1, the suboccipital nerve

Question 29

What is the origin of the obliquus capitis inferior?

Answer 29

C2 spinous process and lamina

Question 30

An increase in the density of muscle spindles s most apparent in which suboccipital muscle?

Answer 30

obliquus capitis inferior

Question 31

What is the proposed function of the suboccipital muscle group?

Answer 31

postural stabilizers of the atlanto-occipital and atlanto-axial joints

Question 32

Which muscles are known to ttach to dura mater?

Answer 32

rectus capitis posterior major, rectus capitis posterior minor & obliquus capitis inferior

Question 33

Interspinalis is paired in which regions of the spine?

Answer 33

cervical and lumbar regions

Question 34

Based on the density of muscle spindles what is the proposed function of the Interspinalis?

Answer 34

acts as a proprioceptive transducer in conjunction with intertransversarii to coordinate the smooth movement of the spine and to maintain appropriate posture

Question 35

The trapezius is innervated by what?

Answer 35

the spinal accessory nerve

Question 36

Which of the cervical intertransversarii is innervated by dorsal rami of cervical spinal nerves?

Answer 36

posterior medial belly, cervical intertransversarii

Question 37

What is the origin of the medial belly of the lumbar intertransversarii?

Answer 37

accessory process of transverse process L1-L4 | Mammillary process of superior articular process L1-L4

Question 38

Which muscle group is innervated by both dorsal rami and ventral rami of spinal nerves?

Answer 38

intertransversarii

Question 39

Based on the density of muscle spindles what is the proposed function of the intertransversarii?

Answer 39

acts as a proprioceptive transducer in conjunction with interspinalis to coordinate the smooth movement of the spine and to maintain appropriate posture

Question 40

What is the origin of the longus colli?

Answer 40

vertebral bodies of C5-C6, T1-T3 & anterior tubercles of transverse processes of C3-C5

Question 41

What is the origin of the rectus capitis anterior?

Answer 41

lateral mass & costal element of the transverse process of C1

Question 42

What will innervate the rectus capitis anterior?

Answer 42

ventral rami of C1-C2 spinal nerves

Question 43

What will innervate the rectus capitis lateralis?

Answer 43

the ventral rami of C1-C2 spinal nerves

Question 44

What is the insertion of the anterior scalene?

Answer 44

ridge and anterior scalene tubercle of the first rib

Question 45

What is the insertion of the middle scalene?

Answer 45

between the tubercle and groove for the subclavian artery on the first rib

Question 46

What is the insertion of the posterior scalene?

Answer 46

outer surface of second rib

Question 47

What will innervate the posterior scalene?

Answer 47

the ventral rami of C6-C8 spinal nerves

Question 48

The quadratus lumborum is implicated in the formation of which ligament?

Answer 48

the iliolumbar ligament

Question 49

What is the origin of the psoas major?

Answer 49

vertebral bodies T12, L1-L5, S1 and transverse processes of L1-L5

Question 50

What is the origin of the psoas minor?

Answer 50

vertebral bodies of T12, L1

Question 51

What will innervate the psoas minor?

Answer 51

the ventral ramus of L1 spinal nerve