Sacrum

Question 1

What part of the sacral ala is derived from the true transverse process?

Answer 1

the posterior third

Question 2

How many fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis joint surfaces are present on the S1 vertebral body?

Answer 2

four

Question 3

How many joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of the first sacral segment?

Answer 3

five

Question 4

How many cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis joint surfaces are present on the S1 vertebral body?

Answer 4

one

Question 5

What muscle(s) may attach to the first sacral vertebral body?

Answer 5

psoas major

Question 6

What is the position of the sacral zygapophysis in adults?

Answer 6

the zygapophyses lies in the coronal plane for L5/S1

Question 7

What is the orientation of the first sacral superior articular facet?

Answer 7

backward, upward, medial (BUM); typically concave

Question 8

What is the name given to the projectio on the first sacral superior articular process?

Answer 8

mammillary process

Question 9

What muscles will attach to the sacral mammillary processes?

Answer 9

multifidis

Question 10

An imaginary line is drawn along the dorsal midline of sacrum is identified s the ____?

Answer 10

median sacral crest

Question 11

What is the name given to the congenital condition in which the fifth lumbar spinous process is elongated, the sacrum exhibits spina bifida, and dorsiflexion produces pain?

Answer 11

Knife Clasp Syndrome

Question 12

An imaginary line drawn from the superior articular process of S1 to the sacral cornu will form what features?

Answer 12

intermediate sacral crest

Question 13

What features may be identified along the intermediate sacral crest?

Answer 13

the mammillary process of S1 an the sacral cornu of S5

Question 14

What does the sacral cornu represent?

Answer 14

the inferior articular process and facet of S5

Question 15

What is the name of the inferior opening of the sacral canal?

Answer 15

the sacral hiatus

Question 16

An imaginary line drawn from the transverse process of S1 to the inferior lateral sacral angel will form what feature?

Answer 16

the lateral sacral crest

Question 17

What is the sacral tuberosity?

Answer 17

the enlarged transverse tubercle of S2

Question 18

What is the name of the joint formed by the sacral tuberosity?

Answer 18

the accessory sacro-iliac joint

Question 19

What feature is identified on the lateral surface of S1-S3?

Answer 19

auricular surface

Question 20

What feature does the anterior surface of the superior epiphyseal rim of S1 form?

Answer 20

the sacral promontory

Question 21

The continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament below S3 forms what ligament?

Answer 21

the deep posterior sacrococcygeal ligament

Question 22

What forms the posterior boundary for the fifth sacral spinal nerve intervertebral foramen?

Answer 22

vertebral body S5, vertebral body Co1, deep posterior sacrococcygeal ligament and intervertebral disc

Question 23

What part of the sacral ala is derived from the costal element?

Answer 23

the anterior two-thirds

Question 24

what ligament divides the sciatic foramen into the greater and lesser sciatic foramina?

Answer 24

sacrospnous ligament

Question 25

Which ligament has a broad attachment alog the lateral margin of sacrum and coccyx and then attaches to the ischial tuberosity?

Answer 25

sacrotuberous ligament

Question 26

Which ligament is the strongest of the sacro-iliac ligaments and is penetrated by dorsal rami of the sacral spinal nerves?

Answer 26

interosseous sacro-iliac ligament

Question 27

what is the homolog for the capsular ligament at S5?

Answer 27

intercornual ligament