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spinal anatomy > additional vertebral column arthrology > Flashcards

additional vertebral column arthrology Flashcards

1
Q

What amount of axial rotation is accommodated by the atlanto-occipital joint?

A

about three to eight degrees one side axial rotation

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2
Q

What amount of lateral bending is accommodated by the atlanto-occipital joint?

A

about five degrees

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3
Q

Which motion is best accommodated by the atlanto-occipital joint?

A

flexion - extension

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4
Q

What is the function of the transverse atlantal ligament?

A

It is primary stabilizer of the atlanto-axial joint restricting the distance of C2 from the anterior arch of C1

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5
Q

What movements are facilitated at the median atlanto-axial joint?

A

flexion - extension, rotatio, and telescoping (superior - inferior gliding)

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6
Q

What is the ADI?

A

the atlanto-dental interspace, a radiographic distance between the surfaces of the anterior bursa of the median atlanto-axial joint

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7
Q

What is the ADI of children compared with that of adults?

A

about 4.5 mm in children; a range of 2-3 mm or about 2.5 mm in adults

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8
Q

What are the degrees of movement facilitated at the atlanto-axial joint?

A

about 20 degrees flexion - extension, 40 degrees one side axial rotation, and 5 degrees of lateral bending

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9
Q

The occiput-C1-C2 joint complex accounts for what percent of all cervical axial rotation?

A

about 60%

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10
Q

What is the embryonic derivative of the apical ligament of the dents or the apicodental ligament?

A

the notochord

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11
Q

What is the function of the alar ligament?

A

together they function to resist axial rotation

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12
Q

What forms the cranial continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament?

A

the membrana tectoria or tectorial membrane

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13
Q

List, in order, the ligaments in a midsagittal plane from the dura mater at the level of the medulla oblongata to the anterior bursa of the median atlato-axial ligament

A

The membrana tectoria or tectorial membrane
the cruciate ligament
the capsular ligament of the posterior bursa of the median atlanto-axial joint
the apical ligament of the dens or the apicodental ligament

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14
Q

For the cervical spine below C2, what is the range of flexion - extension?

A

about 90 degrees or about 18 degrees per couple

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15
Q

For the cervical sine below C2, what is the range of one side lateral bending?

A

about 50 degrees or about 10 degrees per couple

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16
Q

For the cervical spine below C2, what is the range of one side axial rotation?

A

about 33 degrees or about six degrees per couple

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17
Q

What are the locations for costovertebral joint on the vertebra

A

the costocentral joint at the vertebral body and the costotransverse joint at the transverse process

18
Q

At what rib will the superior costotransverse ligament be absent?

A

the first rib

19
Q

What ligaments will attach to the neck of the twelfth rib?

A

the superior costotransverse ligament from T11 and the lumbosacral ligament from L1

20
Q

What amount of flexion - extension is accommodated by the atlanto-occipital joint?

A

about twenty-five degrees

21
Q

What are the attachment sites for the inferior costotransverse ligament?

A

the neck of the rib and the transverse process of the vertebra at that level

22
Q

At what rib will the inferior costotransverse ligament be absent?

A

the twelfth rib

23
Q

What is the name of the space between the transverse process and the neck of the rib?

A

the costotransverse foramen

24
Q

Which ligament “fills” the costotransverse foramen?

A

the inferior costotransverse ligament

25
Q

What are the attachment site for the lateral costotransverse ligament?

A

the non-articular surface of the tubercle of the rib and the transverse tubercle of the transverse process of the vertebra at that level

26
Q

Which vertebrae will have an attachment for the lateral costotransverse ligament?

A

T1-T11

27
Q

Which vertebra will lack an attachment for the lateral costotransverse ligament?

A

T12

28
Q

Which vertebral couples of the thoracic spine have the greatest motion?

A

T11/T12 and T12/L1

29
Q

Which range of motion is greatest for lower thoracic vertebral couples?

A

flexion - extension

30
Q

Which range of motion is least for lower thoracic vertebral couples?

A

one side axial rotation

31
Q

Which ligament replace the intertransverse ligament at the lumbosacral joint?

A

the iliolumbar ligament and lumbosacral ligament

32
Q

What muscle is intimately attached to the superior iliolumbar ligament?

A

quadratus lumborum

33
Q

Which of the current ligaments from the ililumbar ligament complex represents the iliolumbar ligament of classical description?

A

the superior iliolumbar ligament

34
Q

Which ligament from the iliolumbar ligament complex will attach to the sacral ala?

A

the inferior iliolumbar ligament

35
Q

Which ligament from the iliolumbar ligament complex represents the lumbosacral ligament of classical description?

A

the inferior iliolumbar ligament

36
Q

What are the attachment sites for the accessory iliolumbar ligament?

A

the transverse process of L4 and the ilic crest

37
Q

Which vertebral couple of the lumbar spine has the greatest range of motion?

A

L5/S1

38
Q

Which range of motion is greatest for all lumbar vertebral couples?

A

L5/S1

39
Q

Which range of motion is greatest for all lumbar vertebral couples?

A

flexion - extension

40
Q

Which range of motion is least for L1-L5 vertebral couples?

A

one side axial rotation

41
Q

Which range of motion is least for the L5/S1 vertebral couple?

A

one side lateral bending

spinal anatomy (36 decks)

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