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Anatomy > Thoracic Limb Osteology+arthrology > Flashcards

Thoracic Limb Osteology+arthrology Flashcards

1
Q

From where do muscles derive?

A

Myotome

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2
Q

From where do bones and joints derive?

A

Sclerotome

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3
Q

What are the general characteristics of thoracic limb?

A 
Join to the trunk by strong muscles
Few angular ions between bones
Joints are fnctional trochleas: flexion and extension
Innervated by brachial plexus
Vascularized by subclavian vessels
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4
Q

What are the joints of the thoracic limb?

A

Scapulo-humeral joint
Elbow joint
Carpal joint
Phalangeal joints

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5
Q

What are the articular surfaces of scapulohumeral joint?

A

Glenoid cavity, humeral head, glenoid lip/labrum

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6
Q

What are the ligaments of scapulohumeral joint?

A

Coracohumeral ligament: Supraglenoid tubercle to greater+lesser tubercles UNGULATES
Lateral and medial glenohumeral ligaments: glenoid cavity to humerus CARNIVORES+EQUINE
Transverse numeral ligaments: greater tubercle to lesser tubercle, biceps brachii tendon CARNIVORES

NO COLLATERAL LIGAMENTS

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7
Q

What are the movements of scapulohumeral joint?

A

Flexion (retroversion) and extension (anteversion)
Abduction in carnivores
Luxations: cranially or cranially-medially

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8
Q

What are the joints of the elbow joint?

A

Humeroradial and humeroulnar joint

Radioulnar joint: proximal and distal

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9
Q

What are the articular surfaces of the humeroulnar and humeroradial joints?

A

Humerus condyle, fovea of radius head, trochlear notch of ulna
Joint capsule: cranial and caudal synovial recesses

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10
Q

What are the ligaments of humeroulnar and humeroradial joints?

A

Lateral collateral ligaments (deep and superficial)
Medial collateral ligaments (deep and superficial)
Olecranon ligament: anconeal process of ulna to olecranon fossa of humerus CARNIVORES

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11
Q

What are the movements of humeroradial and humeroulnar joints?

A

Flexion and extension

Luxations: laterally

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12
Q

What are the articular surfaces and ligaments of proximal and distal radioulnar joints?

A

Proximal: radial articular circumference, radial notch of ulna
Ligaments: annular ligaments of radius CARNIVORES

Distal: ulnar articular circumference, ulnar notch of radius
Ligaments: radioulnar ligament CARNIVORES

Movement: pronation-supination CARNIVORES

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13
Q

Which are the carpal joints?

A 
Antebrachiocarpal joint (radiocarpal joint)
Midcarpal joint ( intercarpal joint)
Carpometacarpal joint
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14
Q

What are the ligaments of the carpal joints?

A

Long: lateral collateral ligaments (deep and superficial)
Medial collateral ligaments (deep and superficial)

Short: intercarpal ligaments

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15
Q

Which are the phalangeal joints?

A

Metacarpophalangeal joints
Proximal interphalangeal joint
Distal interphalangeal joint

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16
Q

Which are the phalangeal joints in equines?

A

Metacarpophalangeal= fetlock joint
Proximal interphalangeal= Pastern joint
Distal interphalangeal= coffin joint

17
Q

What are the articular surfaces of the metacarpophalangeal/fetlock joint?

A 
3rd metacarpal, first phalanx, proximal sesamoid bones
Synovial recesses (palmar, palmar proximal, dorsal)
18
Q

What are the ligaments of metacarpophalangeal/fetlock joint?

A

Collateral ligaments: medial+lateral
Sesamoid ligaments: palmar, collateral sesamoids, short sesamoids, metacarpointersesamoidean
Distal sesamoid ligaments: deep, middle and superficial

19
Q

What are the complementary supports of metacarpophalangeal joint?

A

Suspensory ligament of the fetlock joint

Flexor tendons

20
Q

What are the articular surfaces of the proximal interphalangeal/Pasternak joint?

A

1st and 2nd phalanx

Dorsal recess

21
Q

What are the ligaments of proximal interphalangeal/Pastern joint?

A

Collateral ligaments: medial and lateral

Palmar ligaments: axial (medial) and abaxial (lateral)

22
Q

What are the articular surfaces of the distal interphalangeal/coffin joint?

A

2nd and 3rd phalanges, navicular sesamoid bone, hoof, ungular cartilage

23
Q

What are the ligaments of the distal interphalangeal/coffin joint?

A 
Collateral ligaments: lateral and medial
Collateral sesamoidean ligaments 
Ligaments of the cartilage
Dorsal and palmar recesses
Podotrochlear bursa
24
Q

Which are the phalangeal joints of carnivores?

A

5 metacarpophalangeal joints: dorsal sesamoid bones
Collateral and sesamoidean ligaments (proximal, middle and distal)
Proximal interphalangeal joints: absent in 1st digit
Distal interphalangeal joints: dorsal ligaments, claws

25
Q

Which are the phalangeal joints of ruminants?

A

2 metacarpophalangeal joints
Proximal interphalangeal joints: proximal interdigital ligament
Distal interphalangeal joints: distal interdigital ligaments

Anatomy (17 decks)

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