Digestive System 2 Flashcards
Caudal portion of foregut
Esophagus
Stomach
Cranial part of duodenum
Stomach
Develops as a dilation of esophagus
Dorsal part- convex, greater curvature
Ventral part- concave, lesser curvature
What fixes stomach to the walls?
Mesentries
Named by what they attach to
Omentum
Meshlike structure of vessels Greater omentum-greater curvature Lesser omentum-lesser curvature In polygastric: Greater omentum- rumen, reticulum, part of abomasum Lesser omentum- omasum, part of abomasum
Liver
Develops from invagination of digestive tube
Hepatic diverticulum+hepatic bud= liver parenchyma
Systic bud= gall bladder, cystic duct
Ventral+dorsal pancreatic duct from duodenum=pancreas
Midgut
Caudal portion of duodenum Jejunum Ilium Caecum Ascending colon Transverse colon (1st half)
Congenital disorders
Stenosis Atresia (anal/rectal) Urorectal fistula (rectovesical, rectovestibular, rectourethral) Umbilical hernia Megaesophagus Megacolon
Esophagus
Muscular tube/duct
From cricoid cartilage to cardia
Cervical, thoracic, dorsal portions
Positioning of esophagus
Dorsally to trachea
At the entrance of thoracic cavity on the left side, trachea at right side
Then again dorsally to trachea
Innervation and vascularization of esophagus
Cervical portion- cranial and thyroid A (from common carotid)
Thoracic portion- bronchoesophageal A (from thor. Aorta)
Abdominal portion- left gastric A (from celiac A)
Vagus N, sympathetic trunk
Parietal peritoneum
Lining inner surface of abdominal walls
Looks shiny
Visceral peritoneum
Covering organs
Intraperitoneal organs
Fixed to dorsal surface of abd. Cavity
Covered by visceral peritoneum (ex intestines)
Retroperitoneal organs
Attached to roof of abd. Cavity
Not covered by visceral peritoneum (ex kidneys)
Function of stomach
Mechanic Exocrine secretion (HCl, IF, mucus, digestive enzymes) Endocrine secretion (Gastrin, serotonin)
Types of stomach
Monogastric or polygastric
Simple or compound/complex
Monogastric stomach
Infrathoracic portion of abd. Cavity together w liver
Protected by costal arch
On the left side
Simple stomach
Only glandular mucosa
Compound/complex stomach
Glandular and tegumentary mucosa
Parietal surface of stomach
Cranial
Visceral surface of stomach
Caudal
Orientation of stomach
Cardia to the left
Pylarus to the right
Lesser curvature dorsal
Greater curvature ventral
Angular insisure/notch
Lowest part of lesser curvature
Fundus
Highest part of stomach
On the left side
Often air filled
Pylorus
Distal part of stomach
Connects to duodenum
Antrum= wider part
Pyloric canal= narrow, attached to duodenum
Glandular mucosa
Shiny, smooth
Tegumentary mucosa
Rubbery, whitish
Around cardia
Mechanical function
Cardiac mucosa
Glandular
NOT in cardia, at body level
Fundic mucosa
Always red
NOT in fundus
Pyloric mucosa
Inside pyloric area
Greater omentum
Meshlike sac covering intestines
Parietal and visceral parts
Attaches to greater curvature of stomach, to entrance of pelvic cavity
Lesser omentum
Attaches to lesser curvature
Cranial to liver
Branches of celiac artery
Left gastric artery
Hepatic artery
Splenic artery
Right gastric artery
Branch of hepatic A
Together with left gastric A forms minor vascular circle of the stomach
Minor vasculatory circle of stomach
Left gastric A (celiac)
Right gastric A (hepatic)
Major vasculatory circle of stomach
Right gastrepiploic A (hepatic)
Left gastroepiploic A (splenic A)
Polygastric stomach
Rumen
Reticulum
Omasum
Abomasum
Rumen
Largest stomach
On left side
Non glandular
Reticulum
Smallest
Cranial
Non glandular
Omasum
Spherical
Right side
Non glandular
Abomasum
“Real stomach”
Ventral
Glandular
