Digestive System 2

Question 1

Caudal portion of foregut

Answer 1

Esophagus
Stomach
Cranial part of duodenum

Question 2

Stomach

Answer 2

Develops as a dilation of esophagus
Dorsal part- convex, greater curvature
Ventral part- concave, lesser curvature

Question 3

What fixes stomach to the walls?

Answer 3

Mesentries

Named by what they attach to

Question 4

Omentum

Answer 4

Meshlike structure of vessels
Greater omentum-greater curvature
Lesser omentum-lesser curvature
In polygastric:
Greater omentum- rumen, reticulum, part of abomasum
Lesser omentum- omasum, part of abomasum

Question 5

Liver

Answer 5

Develops from invagination of digestive tube
Hepatic diverticulum+hepatic bud= liver parenchyma
Systic bud= gall bladder, cystic duct
Ventral+dorsal pancreatic duct from duodenum=pancreas

Question 6

Midgut

Answer 6

Caudal portion of duodenum
Jejunum
Ilium
Caecum
Ascending colon
Transverse colon (1st half)

Question 7

Congenital disorders

Answer 7

Stenosis
Atresia (anal/rectal)
Urorectal fistula (rectovesical, rectovestibular, rectourethral)
Umbilical hernia
Megaesophagus
Megacolon

Question 8

Esophagus

Answer 8

Muscular tube/duct
From cricoid cartilage to cardia
Cervical, thoracic, dorsal portions

Question 9

Positioning of esophagus

Answer 9

Dorsally to trachea
At the entrance of thoracic cavity on the left side, trachea at right side
Then again dorsally to trachea

Question 10

Innervation and vascularization of esophagus

Answer 10

Cervical portion- cranial and thyroid A (from common carotid)
Thoracic portion- bronchoesophageal A (from thor. Aorta)
Abdominal portion- left gastric A (from celiac A)
Vagus N, sympathetic trunk

Question 11

Parietal peritoneum

Answer 11

Lining inner surface of abdominal walls

Looks shiny

Question 12

Visceral peritoneum

Answer 12

Covering organs

Question 13

Intraperitoneal organs

Answer 13

Fixed to dorsal surface of abd. Cavity

Covered by visceral peritoneum (ex intestines)

Question 14

Retroperitoneal organs

Answer 14

Attached to roof of abd. Cavity

Not covered by visceral peritoneum (ex kidneys)

Question 15

Function of stomach

Answer 15

Mechanic
Exocrine secretion (HCl, IF, mucus, digestive enzymes)
Endocrine secretion (Gastrin, serotonin)

Question 16

Types of stomach

Answer 16

Monogastric or polygastric

Simple or compound/complex

Question 17

Monogastric stomach

Answer 17

Infrathoracic portion of abd. Cavity together w liver
Protected by costal arch
On the left side

Question 18

Simple stomach

Answer 18

Only glandular mucosa

Question 19

Compound/complex stomach

Answer 19

Glandular and tegumentary mucosa

Question 20

Parietal surface of stomach

Answer 20

Cranial

Question 21

Visceral surface of stomach

Answer 21

Caudal

Question 22

Orientation of stomach

Answer 22

Cardia to the left
Pylarus to the right
Lesser curvature dorsal
Greater curvature ventral

Question 23

Angular insisure/notch

Answer 23

Lowest part of lesser curvature

Question 24

Fundus

Answer 24

Highest part of stomach
On the left side
Often air filled

Question 25

Pylorus

Answer 25

Distal part of stomach Connects to duodenum Antrum= wider part Pyloric canal= narrow, attached to duodenum

Question 26

Glandular mucosa

Answer 26

Shiny, smooth

Question 27

Tegumentary mucosa

Answer 27

Rubbery, whitish Around cardia Mechanical function

Question 28

Cardiac mucosa

Answer 28

Glandular | NOT in cardia, at body level

Question 29

Fundic mucosa

Answer 29

Always red | NOT in fundus

Question 30

Pyloric mucosa

Answer 30

Inside pyloric area

Question 31

Greater omentum

Answer 31

Meshlike sac covering intestines Parietal and visceral parts Attaches to greater curvature of stomach, to entrance of pelvic cavity

Question 32

Lesser omentum

Answer 32

Attaches to lesser curvature | Cranial to liver

Question 33

Branches of celiac artery

Answer 33

Left gastric artery Hepatic artery Splenic artery

Question 34

Right gastric artery

Answer 34

Branch of hepatic A | Together with left gastric A forms minor vascular circle of the stomach

Question 35

Minor vasculatory circle of stomach

Answer 35

Left gastric A (celiac) | Right gastric A (hepatic)

Question 36

Major vasculatory circle of stomach

Answer 36

Right gastrepiploic A (hepatic) | Left gastroepiploic A (splenic A)

Question 37

Polygastric stomach

Answer 37

Rumen Reticulum Omasum Abomasum

Question 38

Rumen

Answer 38

Largest stomach On left side Non glandular

Question 39

Reticulum

Answer 39

Smallest Cranial Non glandular

Question 40

Omasum

Answer 40

Spherical Right side Non glandular

Question 41

Abomasum

Answer 41

"Real stomach" Ventral Glandular