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Anatomy > Thoracic Limb- Myology > Flashcards

Thoracic Limb- Myology Flashcards

1
Q

Rhomboid

A

Origen: nuchal ligament from 2-6th cervical vertebra to 7th thoracic vertebra
Insertion: medial surface of dorsal border of scapula
Innervation: cervical and thoracic spinal nerves
Function: draws limb forward, fixes scapula, elevates limb and neck

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2
Q

Which are the extensor muscles of the digits?

A

Common digital extensor
Lateral digital extensor
Long abductor muscle of the 1st digit
Extensor muscle of the 1+nd digit

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3
Q

Brachialis

A

Origin: caudal neck of humerus
Insertion: proximal cranial surface of radius/ulna
Innervation: radial and musculocutaneous nerve
Function: flexion of elbow joint

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4
Q

Biceps brachii

A

Origin: supraglenoid cavity
Insertion: radial tuberosity
Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve
Function: flexion of elbow joint, extension of shoulder joint, fixes shoulder

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5
Q

Subscapular

A

Origin: subscapular fossa
Insertion: lesser tubercle
Innervation: subscapular nerve
Function: extensor or flexor of shoulder, fixes shoulder joint

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6
Q

Radial extensor muscle of the carpus

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: 3rd metacarpal bone
Innervation: radial nerve
Function: extension of carpus

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7
Q

What are the general characteristics of the fixation muscles of scapula?

A

Fixes thoracic limb to the trunk
Origins in neck or back
Insertion in scapula and forearm
Innervated by accessory nerve to r dorsal branches are f cervical and thoracic spinal nerves

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8
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

Origin: thoracolumbar fascia
Insertion: caudal border of scapula, lateral surface of thorax and body of humerus
Innervation: thoracodorsal nerve
Function: main retroversr of thoracic limb, flexor of shoulder

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9
Q

Brachiocephalic

A

Origins at head, different between species
Insertion: as cleidobrachialis, differs between species
Innervation: accessory nerve, axillary nerve, cervical nerve
Function: draws neck and head down/back, draws head/neck/ upper arm fascia to one side

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10
Q

Infraspinous

A

Origin: infraspinous fossa
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Innervation: suprascapular nerve
Function: flexion and fixation of shoulder joint

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11
Q

Quadrate pronator

A

Origin: ulna
Insertion: radius
Innervation: median nerve
Function: pronation

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12
Q

Which are the fixation muscles of the scapula?

A

Trapezius
Omotransverse
Rhomboid
Ventral serrate

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13
Q

Ulnar extensor of the carpus

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: 4+5+accessory metacarpal bones
Innervation: radial nerve
Function: flexion carpus, supports extension of carpus

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14
Q

Radial flexor muscle of the carpus

A

Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: 2+3rd metacarpal bones
Innervation: median nerve
Function: flexion of carpus

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15
Q

Major teres

A

Origin: caudal border of scapula
Insertion: tuberosity for teres major
Innervation: axillary nerve
Function: flexion of shoulder joint

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16
Q

Sternocephalic

A

Origin: manubrium
Insertion: head, differs between species
Innervation: ventral branch of accessory nerve
Function: flexor of head/neck, draws head/neck to the side, fixes head during swallowing

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17
Q

Coracobrachialis

A

Origin: coracoid process of scapula
Insertion: medial surface f humerus
Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve
Function: extensor of shoulder joint, adductor of thoracic limb

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18
Q

Which are the superficial extrinsic muscles?

A 
Brachiocephalic
Sternocephalic
Trapezius
Omotransverse
Latissimus dorsi
Superficial pectoral
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19
Q

Deltoid

A

Origin: scapula spine and caudal border of scapula
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity
Innervation: axillary nerve
Function: flexion of shoulder joint, abduction of thoracic limb

20
Q

Ulnar flexor muscle of the carpus

A

Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: carpal bones
Innervation: ulnar nerve
Function: flexion of carpus

21
Q

What are the general characteristics of the intrinsic muscles of the thoracic limb?

A

Responsible for movements of separate parts of the limb

22
Q

Trapezius

A

Origin: nuchal ligament/supraspinous ligament
Insertion: scapula spine
Innervation: accessory nerve (dorsal branches)
Function: fixes shoulder joint, lifts/abducts and draws limb forward

23
Q

Supinator

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: radius
Innervation: radial nerve
Function: supination

24
Q

What are the general characteristics of the extensor muscles of the digits?

A

Cranial-lateral surface
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus, radius/ulna
Insertion: digits
Innervation: radial nerve

25
Q

Which are the deep extrinsic muscles?

A

Deep pectoral
Subclavian
Rhomboid
Ventral serrate

26
Q

What are the muscles of the elbow joint?

A 
Brachialis
Biceps brachii
Triceps
Anconeous 
Tensor muscle of antebrachial fascia
27
Q

What are the muscles of the shoulder joint lateral surface?

A

Supraspinous
Infraspinous
Deltoid
Minor trees

28
Q

What are the general characteristics of the flexor muscles of the digits?

A

Medial-palmar surface
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus, radius/ulna
Insertion: digits
Innervation: ulnar and median nerve

29
Q

Supraspinous

A

Origin: supraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertion: greater and lesser tubercle of humerus
Innervation: suprascapular nerve
Function: extension and fixation of shoulder joint

30
Q

Triceps

A

Origin: caudal border of scapula or humerus
Insertion: olecranon of ulna
Innervation: radial nerve
Function: extension of elbow joint, flexion of shoulder

31
Q

Articular muscle of the shoulder joint (equine, pigs, cats)

A

Origin: glenoid cavity of scapula
Insertion: neck of humerus
Innervation: axillary nerve
Function: tenses joint capsule

32
Q

What are the muscles of the shoulder joint medial surface?

A

Major teres
Articular muscle of shoulder joint
Subscapular
Coracobrachial

33
Q

Round pronator

A

Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: radius
Innervation: median nerve
Function: pronation

34
Q

Superficial pectoral

A

Origin: sternal manubrium
Insertion: humerus
Innervation: thoracic and pectoral spinal nerves
Function: anteversor and retroversir of thoracic limb and lateral movement of trunk

35
Q

What are the general characteristics of the superficial extrinsic muscles?

A

Origins in neck, back and then radical region
inserts in scapula and humerus
Joins the limb to the trunk, responsible for coordinating movements of the head, neck, limb and trunk

36
Q

What are the muscles of the carpal joints?

A

radial extensor muscle of carpus
Ulnar extensor muscle of carpus
Radial flexor muscle of carpus
Ulnar flexor muscle of carpus

37
Q

Deep pectoral

A

Origin: sternum
Insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus
Innervation: thoracic spinal nerves
Function: retroversor thoracic limb, adductor, fixes limb to trunk

38
Q

Anconeus

A

Origin: olecranon fossa and humerus
Insertion: olecranon
Innervation: radial nerve
Function: extension of elbow joint

39
Q

Tensor muscle of antebrachial fascia

A

Origin: caudal border of scapula
Insertion: antebrachial fascia
Innervation: radial nerve
Function: extension of shoulder joint, tenses antebrachial fascia

40
Q

Brachioradial

A

Origin: humerus
Insertion: radius
Innervation: radial nerve
Function: supination

41
Q

Which are the flexor muscles of the digits?

A

Superficial digital flexor muscle
Deep digital flexor muscle
Interflexor muscle

42
Q

What are the muscles of the radioulnar joint?

A

Supinator muscles: brachioradial, supinator

Pronator muscles: round pronator, quadrate pronator

43
Q

Minor teres

A

Origin: caudal border f scapula
Insertion: tuberosity for teres minor
Innervation: axillary nerve
Function: flexion of shoulder joint

44
Q

Omotransverse

A

Origin: wings of atlas or transverse process of 2nd cervical vertebra
Insertion: scapula spine
Innervation: accessory nerve
Function: draws neck backwards/sideways, draws scapula forward

45
Q

Ventral serrate

A

Origin: cervical portion: cervical transverse processes, thoracic portion: ribs lateral surface
Insertion: medial surface of scapula/serrate surface
Innervation: cervical and thoracic spinal nerves, long thoracic nerve
Function: draws limb forward, fixes scapula, elevated limb and neck

Anatomy (17 decks)

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