Thigh and Knee Flashcards by Fell into the rabbithole

Low, decrease
quads leverage, prone
to stiff knee
(arthrogenic knee)

Baja

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● more mobile than the medial meniscus| can translate______________________
○ lack of attachment to the capsular ligament
posterolaterally

9 to 11 mm
in an anteroposterior direction

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knock-knee

Genu valgum

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OPP

25 degrees
flexion

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Modified hinge joint

Tibiofemoral Joint

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● Collaterals

○ MCL
○ LCL

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● Patellofemoral angle
● Angle formed between
the quadriceps muscle
and the patellar tendon

Q-angle

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● Normal Q-angle
○ Male -
○ Female -

● Normal Q-angle
○ Male - 13°
○ Female - 18°

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● SPL from medial tibial plateau to
lateral femoral condyle

● Weakest ligament of knee
● Prevents: anterior translation of
the tibia on the femur
● MOI: hyperextension, rotation

Anterior Cruciate Ligament

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Cruciates

○ ACL
○ PCL

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more
weightbearing)

Medial tibiofemoral

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● Ossification of MCL:

Pellegrini Stieda Disease

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Capsular pattern:

Flexion > Extension

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● Fibular Collateral
Ligament
● Slack in 90 degrees
flexion
● Taut in extension + ER
● Prevents = Varus force/
adduction

Lateral Collateral Ligament

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Normally, when the
knee moves into
extension, the___________________________
on the fixed femur

tibia
laterally rotates about
20°

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(N) position of the
knee:

Genu valgus 6
degrees

● Modified joint
● Functions:
○ Leverage
○ Protection

Patellofemoral Joint

deepest
muscle of back of knee

popliteus

CPP:

Full extension +
ER

○ Larger
○ Longer

Medial Condyle

● attached to the tibial plateau via
its anterior horn and posterior
horn.
● definitive crescent “C” shape
● less variability with size and
thickness, and covers a smaller
part of the tibial plateau
● attached to lateral meniscus by
transverse ligament and patella
directly or by anterior capsular
thickenings called
patellomeniscal ligaments

Medial Meniscus

● almost circular and covers a
larger portion of the tibial
articular surface
● no attachment of the lateral
meniscus to the lateral collateral
ligament (LCL)
○ peripheral attachment is
interrupted posteriorly to
where the popliteal tendon
passes

Lateral Meniscus

The odd facet does not
come into contact with
the femoral condyles
until at least ________ is reached.

135° of
flexion

Posterior Cruciate Ligament ● Slack: Extension ● Taut: Flexion

● Slack: Extension ● Taut: Flexion

What are the Triad of O’Donoghue

● Anterior Cruciate Ligament ● Medial Collateral Ligament ● **Medial meniscus

● Tibial Collateral Ligament ● Slack in 90 degrees flexion ● Taut: in extension + ER ● Prevents Valgus force/ abduction ● Swimmer’s knee( MCL)

Medial Collateral Ligament

more synovium

Lateral tibiofemoral

Anterior Cruciate Ligament ● Slack = ● Taut =

● Slack = 30-60 degrees flexion ● Taut = Extension/ IR

SAM from lateral tibial plateau to medial femoral condyle ● Strongest ligament in the knee ● Prevents: posterior translation of tibia on femur ● MOI: Dashboard, hyperflexion

Posterior Cruciate Ligament

● connect the inferior edges of the menisci to the of the tibial plateau ● support rotational stability of the knee and prevent anterior tibial translation ● Medial meniscus to the tibia

Coronary/Meniscal Ligament

High, Camel Sign (prominence of infrapatellar bursa)

Alta

Other name for Coronary/Meniscal Ligament

Meniscotibial Ligaments

bowleg

Genu varum

● Sesamoid bone ● Diamond shaped ● Increases leverage power by 35% of quads ● It has five facets, or ridges: superior, inferior, lateral, medial, and odd.

Patella

○ More anterior

Lateral Condyle