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Flashcards ni Mang Inamo > Neuro Mod 3 > Flashcards

Neuro Mod 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Controls the voluntary actions
and convey sensory information.

A

Somatic Nervous System

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2
Q

Controls the involuntary actions
and regulates the viscera,
vasculature, and glands.

A

Autonomic Nervous System

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3
Q

Act in conjunction with
visceral motor fibers to
control visceral functions.

A

Visceral Sensory Fibers

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4
Q

Carry Sensory Information
from Viscera to CNS

A

Visceral Sensory Fibers

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5
Q

Related to special sensory
senses.

A

Special Sensory Fibers

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6
Q

Not classified on both ANS
or Somatic but can modulate
somatic nervous system.

A

Special Sensory Fibers

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7
Q

Regulates homeostasis and
reproduction.

A

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

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8
Q

Regulating the activity of internal
organs and vasculature.

A

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

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9
Q

Regulates circulation, respiration,
digestion, metabolism, secretions, body temperature, and
reproduction.

A

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

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10
Q

respond to pressure and to stretch

A

Mechanoreceptors

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11
Q

sensitive to
chemical concentrations in the
blood.

A

Chemoreceptors

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12
Q

typically, most
responsive to stretch, ischemia, and
pain stimulus

A

Nociceptors

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13
Q

hypothalamus
responds to very small changes in
the temperature of circulating
blood. cutaneous thermoreceptors
respond to external temperature
changes.

A

Thermoreceptors

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14
Q

What are the 2 Afferent pathways

A
  1. To the Spinal Cord
  2. To Brainstem
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15
Q

Sympathetic and
parasympathetic

A

Efferent

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16
Q

Information from visceral receptors
enters the central nervous system by two
routes which are?

A
  1. into the spinal cord via the dorsal
    roots
  2. into the brainstem via cranial
    nerves
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17
Q

What is the role of the Hypothalamus, Thalamus,
and Limbic System

A

modulate brainstem autonomic
control.

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18
Q

often
achieved by integrating information
from peripheral afferents with
information from receptors within
the central nervous system.

A

Autonomic regulation

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19
Q

connections from the central
nervous system to autonomic
effectors uses what?

A

two-neuron
pathway

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20
Q

neuron extending
from the central nervous system.

A

Pre-Ganglionic:

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21
Q

The neuron
connecting the ganglion with the
effector organ.

A

Post-ganglionic

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22
Q

Neurons that secrete acetylcholine
are called what?

A

cholinergic

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23
Q

Neurons that secrete
norepinephrine or epinephrine are
called what?

A

adrenergic

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24
Q

The chemical released by all
presynaptic autonomic neurons is what?

A

acetylcholine (ACh)

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25
Q

Receptors on all postganglionic
neurons are what?

A

nicotinic.

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26
Q

Sympathetic postganglionic neurons release what?

A

norepinephrine (NE)

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27
Q

The adrenal medulla releases what? in the bloodstream?

A

epinephrine

28
Q

activated by a
muscarine – a poison derived from
mushrooms.

A

Muscarinic receptors

29
Q

binding to
muscarinic receptors initiates a
G-protein–mediated response.

A

Acetylcholine

30
Q

regulate
glands, smooth muscles, and
heart rate.

A

Parasympathetic muscarinic
acetylcholine receptors

31
Q

activate through
nicotine from the tobacco.

A

Nicotinic acetylcholine
receptors

32
Q

Acetylcholine binding to
nicotinic autonomic receptors,
located on all postsynaptic
autonomic neurons and the
adrenal medulla causes what?

A

fast
EPSP in the postsynaptic
membrane.

33
Q

activates acetylcholine
receptors on skeletal muscle
membranes and in limbic areas
of the brain.

A

Nicotine

34
Q

part of the
sympathetic system, is specialized to
release epinephrine and
norepinephrine directly into the
blood.

A

Adrenal Medulla

35
Q

receptors
that bind norepinephrine or
epinephrine.

A

Adrenergic Receptors

36
Q

Main role: the optimal blood supply
in the organs.

A

Sympathetic Nervous System

37
Q

The role of the sympathetic nervous
system is often illustrated by describing
the physiologic responses to what?

A

fear

38
Q

Location of Sympathetic Efferent Neurons

A

lateral horn of the spinal
cord gray matter

39
Q

Thoracolumbar outflow of Sympathetic Efferent Neurons

A

T1 to L2
levels.

40
Q

Innervation of Sympathetic Efferent Neurons

A

adrenal medulla,
vasculature, sweat glands, erectors
of hair cells, and the viscera

41
Q

Where is the Postganglionic neuron

A

paravertebral ganglion.

42
Q

What axon enters a
peripheral nerve via a
connecting branch

A

Postganglionic axon

43
Q

superior
and stellate ganglia innervate
arteries of the face, dilate the
pupil of the eye and assist in
elevating the upper eyelid.

A

Post-Ganglionic fiber

44
Q

descends with fibers from the
middle cervical ganglion to
supply the heart and the blood
vessels of UL.

A

Cervicothoracic Ganglion

45
Q

from the
lower lumbar and parasacral
paravertebral ganglia innervate
blood vessels in the lower limbs.
pp174

A

Postganglionic neurons

46
Q

Blood flow in the skin is controlled
by __________ in the
smooth muscles of arterioles.

A

α-adrenergic receptors

47
Q

increases the
metabolic rate throughout the
body.

A

Epinephrine

48
Q

increasing heart rate and
contractility when β1-
adrenergic receptors are
activated in cardiac muscle.

A

Thoracic viscera

49
Q

Drugs that bind with a
receptor but do not activate the
receptor.

A

Blockers

50
Q

Drugs that activate
receptors.

A

Agonists

51
Q

contract sphincters and
decrease blood flow,

A

Gastrointestinal Tract

52
Q

Its function is
energy conservation and storage.

A

PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

53
Q

preganglionic
cell bodies are found in nuclei of
the brainstem and the sacral spinal
cord.

A

Craniosacral Outflow

54
Q

Parasympathetic information from
the brainstem travels in cranial
nerves to where?

A

outlying ganglia.

55
Q

Oculomotor constricts
pupil and increase the convexity
of the lens of the eye for
focusing on close objects.

A

CN III

56
Q

innervate salivary
glands.

A

CN VII and IX

57
Q

75% of parasympathetic
fibers

A

CN X

58
Q

Location of cell bodies:

A

lateral
horn of sacral levels S2-S4.

59
Q

bradycardia (slowing of the heart
rate) or decreased cardiac
contraction force
bronchoconstriction and increases
secretion of mucus.

A

Vagus Nerve Activity

60
Q

Physical change that takes place
in the body stimulates the flight
and fight response from the
stress-related hormones in the
body.

A

Science of stress

61
Q

short-lived changes in stress
hormone levels in the body

A

Eustress

62
Q

short term stress or episodic stress

A

Acute Stress

63
Q

Long terms stress or toxic stress

A

Chronic stress

64
Q

breathing, heart rate, and blood
pressure increase.

A

Stress

65
Q

responsible for the immediate
reactions we feel when stressed.

A

Adrenaline

66
Q

similar to adrenaline; primary
function: arousal

A

Norepinephrine

67
Q

steroid hormone, commonly
known as the stress hormone,
produced by the adrenal glands.

A

Cortisol

Flashcards ni Mang Inamo (16 decks)

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