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NE3 > thermoregulation > Flashcards

thermoregulation Flashcards

1
Q

how does core temp vary over the day?

A

varies 1-2 degrees over teh day by circadian rhytm

low at 6 am

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2
Q

what are the “Sensors” of body temp? what do they say?

A

thermoreceptors in skin, viscera, brain

tell the brain about body temp from different areas of body

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3
Q

what are the types of thermoreceptors?

A

thermoreceptors in core (brain and viscera)

cutaneous receptors

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4
Q

how are cutaneous thermoreceptors characterized?

A

bimodal to temp and touch

more cold than hot sensitive

tell us a bout environemental conditions

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5
Q

thermoreceptors in gut do what?

A

check for temp

threats to maintenance such as food ingested

tell hypothalamus about threats

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6
Q

where are thermoreceptors in hypothalamus, what do they do

A

preoptic and supraoptic regions

more warm sensitive , send information to other areas of hypothalamus to control temp

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7
Q

what is the controller of system?

A

hypothalamus,

has connections to control hormonal, autonomic and behavioral changes that are a part of thermoregulation

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8
Q

what is the role of hypothalamus in thermoregulation?

A

determine set point

receive info about current temp

decide what to do

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9
Q

what happens to core temp when sleeping?

A

decreases, decrease in set point

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10
Q

what happens to core temp when exercise?

A

increase, increase in set point

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11
Q

what part of hypothalamus responds if you cool down?

A

posterior hypothalamus, heat production

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12
Q

what part of hypothalamus responds if you heat up?

A

anterior hypothalamus, heat loss

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13
Q

how does the body produce heat?

A

autonomics (sympathetic)

endocrine

muscular activity

non shivering thermogenesis

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14
Q

what are the two ways muscular energy increases heat?

A

shivering

voluntary muscular movement

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15
Q

how does shivering happen?

A

dorsomedial posterior hypothalamus

sends axons to spinal cord motor neurons

increases excitability

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16
Q

how does voluntary action increase heat production

A

via cortex, any sort of motion

17
Q

how does non shivering thermogenesis produce heat?

A
  1. hormonal influence via
    thyroxin (increase metabolism)
    and epinephrine
  2. increase food intake for higher metabolism
  3. brown adipose tissue via adrenergic innervation
18
Q

how is brown fat activated?

A

sympathetic fibers

by circulating epi

19
Q

how does brown fat produce heat? in who

A

low efficiency hydrolysis of ATP

via uncoupling proteins

infants, white fat does the same in adults

20
Q

how does heat loss work?

A

insensible ( respiratory)

sweating (Controlled)

conduction( transfer of eat between objects in contact with each other)

radiation (radiation transferring heat between 2 objects not in contact)

convection (movement of molecules away from contact)

21
Q

how much blood do you send to vessels near skin if you want to lose heat?

A

alot

22
Q

how is sweating initiated?

A

sympathetic innervation via aCH

muscarinic receptors

23
Q

what is so special about sweat glands?

A

help you cool off and lose heat

lots of blood vessels surround it

24
Q

whats the initial process of sweating

A

filtering the serum including ions (Na, Cl)

25
Q

what happens in sweaing as it moves up duct?

A

water and sodium reabsorbed, taken back to blood

26
Q

when your cold, theres low flow rate of sweat, what happens to the sweat?

A

most water is reabsorbed

sodium remains high in sweat

27
Q

when your hot, theres high flow rate of sweat, what happens to the sweat?

A

little water reabsorbed

still sodium in sweat

28
Q

what happens with acclimitization?

A

live in a hot place long enough

low sodium in sweat because of aldoserone, take sodiuum back but not water

29
Q

what does fever do to temp?

A

controlled increase in set point

30
Q

what increases temp due to fever?

A

prostaglandins

31
Q

what happens when body temp goes down after fever?

A

apathy, anorexia

conduction/ convection
EHL
insensible heat loss

NE3 (15 decks)

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