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NE3 > aud pathways > Flashcards

aud pathways Flashcards

1
Q

Where does CN VIII divide into acending and descending branches?

A

pontomedullary junction

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2
Q

ascending branch of CN VIII synapses where?

A

anterior ventral cochlear nucleus

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3
Q

descendng branch of CN VIII synapses where?

A

posterior ventral cochlear nucleus

dorsal cochlear nucleus

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4
Q

where is monaural information routed to?

A

contralateral side

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5
Q

what is the pathway of monaural tracts?

A 
dorsal cochear nucleus
to
contralateral via doral acoustic stria
to
up the lateral lemniscus (nuclei of lateral lemniscus) to inferior colliculus 
to
brachium of inferior colliculus to medial geniculate nucleus
(synapse here)
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6
Q

where do cell bodies in medial geniculate nucleus synapse?

A

Layer IV of primary auditory cortex

Heschl’s gyrus

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7
Q

describe the pathway of binaural pathway

A 
from ventral cochlear nuclei
to
trapezoid body
to superior olivary complex (lateral and medial)
to
up the lateral lemniscus (nuclei) to inferior colliculus
to
up brachium of inferior colliculus
to 
medial geniculate nucleus
to
layer IV primary auditory cortex
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8
Q

what is conduction deafness?

A

deficiy related to obstructed,altered sound through tempanic membrane or ossicle chao

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9
Q

what is sensorineural deafness?

A

damage to cochlea,cochlear VIII to cochlear nucei

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10
Q

what is central deafness?

A

damage to central pathways

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11
Q

where supplies blood to auditory nuclei of pons and medulla, cochea?

A

basilar a

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12
Q

what supplie blood to inner ear and cochlea?

A

labyrynthine from AICA

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13
Q

what happens if AICA is occluded?

A

monaural hearing loss

can also damage facial nerve, ipsilateral facial paralysis, inability to look to side of lesion

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14
Q

what supplies blood to superior olivary complex and lateral lemniscus?

A

short circumferental branches of basilar

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15
Q

what supplies blood to inferior colliculus?

A

superior cerebellar and quadrigeminal arteries?

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16
Q

what supplies blood to medial geniculate bodies?

A

thalamogeniculate arteries

17
Q

what supplies blood to primary auditory and association cortices?

A

M2 branch of middle cerebral artery

18
Q

what is the dominant hemisphere in most afults for language?

A

left

19
Q

what is wernicke’s area for?

A

comprehension of spoken language

20
Q

what is brocas area for?

A

instruction for language output

planning movements to make speech

providing grammatical function for words

21
Q

what is the right hemisphere area that is like wernickes, used for?

A

interpreting nonverbal signals from other people

22
Q

what is the right hemisphere area that is like brocas, used for?

A

instructions for making nonverbal communication including emotional gestures and intonation of speech

23
Q

what is the pathway for language comprehension?

A 
primary auditory cortex
to
auditory association cortex
to
wernickes area
to
subcortical connections
to
brocas area
to
oral and throat region of sensorimotor cortex
24
Q

what does the primary auditory cortex do?

A

auditory discrimination

25
Q

what does auditory association cortex do?

A

classification of sounds

26
Q

what do the subcortical connections do?

A

link wernices and brocas area

27
Q

what does oral and throat region of sensorimotor cortex do?

A

cortical output to speech muscles

28
Q

what does arcuate fasciculus do?

A

word repetition

29
Q

what is auditory agnosia?

A

inabilit to identify an object, even hough you can hear it

30
Q

what causes auditory agnosia?

A

lesion is in temporal lobe

unimodal sensory association cortex bilaterally

31
Q

what happens if your wernickes area is not working?

A

cant comprehend language

cant understand what is said to you

cant read

cant write comprehensibly

paraphasic speech

32
Q

what happens if brocas area is lesioned?

A

cant speak fluently

cant understand spoken and written language

mutism if its severe enough

if its less severe, limited speech (Slow speaking, nonessential words omitted)

33
Q

what is a global lesion, what happens?

A

lesion of lateral sulcus

receptive and expressive deficits

cant read or write

34
Q

what is a transcortical lesion?

A

sensory or motor, can repeat

35
Q

what is conduction aphasia?

A

lesion of supramarginal gyrus and arcuate fasciculus

cant repeat, but intact fluency

can comprehend language

word finding difficulties

intact readng, cant write

36
Q

what is special about transcortical motor lesion?

A

are nonfluent, everything else is pretty much ok

ACA-MCA border infarc

37
Q

what is special about transcortical sensory lesion?

A

cant comprehend or name, everything else is ok

MCA-PCA border infarc

38
Q

what happens if you have sensorineural damage to eat?

A

ipsilateral deafness

39
Q

what happens if you have central deafness?

A

not deaf because of crossing over, but hard to localize sound

NE3 (15 decks)

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