Thermodynamics Lab Flashcards
actual change in length of metal formula in experiment
Δ L = Final reading - Initial Reading (a/b)
a = length of short arm
b = length of the long arm
Everyone knows that any type of motion requires ___
energy
is the main source of all energy available on Earth.
sun
is involved when we raised objects to a certain height.
gravitational potential energy
Stretching a rubber band is a form of__ ____ energy.
elastic potential energy
is present in moving objects
kinetic energy
materials needed for specific heat capacity experiment
calorimeter
thermometer
electric stove
beaker
steam generator
rubber tubing
platform balance
lead shots
energy transferred by heating needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of the substance through 1oC
specific heat capacity
means ‘per kilogram’
specific
when two bodies that have different temperatures are put in contact, energy is transferred from ___ body to the cold body
hot
states that the total amount of energy in the system always remains constant
principle of conservation of energy
heat the steam generator until the temperature of the lad shots raise to ___
95
What accounts for large percentage error of the experiment
For this experiment, several factors can contribute to the large percentage error of the
experiment. To start, the students should account the heat loss to the environment, which can
occur when the heated copper is transferred to the water, leading to inaccurate temperature
readings due to the energy lost through conduction, convection, and radiation. Moreover, human
error can occur when the lead shots do not reach the thermal equilibrium or if the thermometer
was not properly placed. The nature of the thermometer might also contribute to the percentage
error since calibration or accuracy can affect the result of the experiment. Furthermore, variation
in the specific heat capacity of the true value of the copper shot and the actual substance tested
might occur if the copper has impurities. By addressing these issues, accuracy in specific heat
measurements will improve.
Briefly explain why water is used as a coolant in motorcars and some air-conditioners
Water is used as a coolant in motorcars and some air-conditioners due to its high specific
capacity which allows it to absorb and retain significant amounts of heat without experiencing a
substantial increase in temperature. The said property helps the engine to maintain optimal
temperatures to prevent it from overheating during operation. Moreover, water as a resource is
readily available and inexpensive compared to other coolant options. In automotive systems,
water is also mixed with antifreeze to prevent freezing and boiling from happening. The coolant
circulates throughout the engine to absorb heat and transfer it to the radiator to dissipate it into
the air. For air conditioners, the cooling process involves removing heat from indoor air and
transferring it outside. Water plays a role in this due to its ability to absorb heat as it evaporates.
This property enables it to provide a cooling effect and maintain a stable temperature to the air
conditioning system.
How much energy is needed to raise the temperature of 0.6kg of lead from 15oC to 200oC?
Thus, the energy needed to raise the temperature of 0.6 kg lead from 15oC to 200oC is 144,300 joules.
