Fundamental Tools of Physics Flashcards
derived from Greek word physis meaning “nature or natural things”
physics
Branch of natural science that deals with matter and energy and its interactions
physics
both descriptive and predictive in nature
physics
nature of physics that deals with conceptual understanding, which involves theories, laws, and principles that explain different phenomena
descriptive
nature of physics that involves the use of mathematics as a tool in solving physical quantities in various cases.
predictive
the process of determining the value of an unknown quantity by comparing it with some pre-defined standard.
measurement
– any quantity that can be measured
physical quantity
Its measurement always involved the comparison of the quantity to be measured with a reference standard of the same kind.
physical quantity
reference standard used for the comparison
unit
defined as a unit of measurement which has a fixed value that does not change from person to person or place to place
standard unit of measurement
- Two major systems of unit of measurement in the world
SI units
English units
acronym for the Le Systeme d’Unites that is also known as the metric system
SI units
meaning of SI
Le Systeme d’Unites
Standard system agreed upon by scientists and mathematicans
SI unit
also known as the imperial system
english system
Once used by nations once ruled by the British Empire
English units
Only the US uses the English units extensively
English units
- Seven fundamental physical quantities
- Length (m)
- Mass (kg)
- Time (s)
- Electric current temperature (A)
- Amount of substance (mol)
- Luminous intensity (cd)
- Temperature (kelvin
SI unit for length
m
SI unit for mass
kg
SI unit for time
s
SI unit for electric current temperature
A
SI units for amount of substance
mol
SI unit for luminous intensity
cd
SI unit for temperature
kelvin
– physical quantities that cannot be explained in terms of other physical quantities
fundamental quantities
quantities which are derived from fundamental quantities (e.g. volume, speed, etc.)
derived quantities
units of derived quantities and are deducted rom fundamental units e.g. units of velocity, force, work, etc.
derived units
- are the base quantities of a unit system which are independent of other physical quantities.
fundamental quantities
- are the quantities which are derived from the fundamental quantities
derived quantities
study metric prefix scale
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1 kilo = ___ base unit
1000
1 centi is equal to ___ base unit
0.01
1 milli is equal to what base unit
0.001
Area
what unit
m^2
density
what unit
kg m^3
velocity measurement unit
m/s
acceleration unit
m/s^2
momentum measurement unit
kg m/s
force measurement unit
kg m/s^2
pressure unit
pascal (Pa), kg/ms^2
work measurement
joule (j), kg/ m^2s^-2
energy measurement unit
j, kg/ m^2s^2
Power unit
watt
angle unit
radian (rad)
torque unit
N m
frequency unit
Hz
impulse unit
N s
Gravitational Constant unit
N m^2 / kg^2
surface tension unit
N m-1
angular momentum unit
kg-m2/sec
moment of inertia unit
kg. m2
A carpet is to be installed in a room whose length is measured to be 12.71m and whose width is measured to be 3.46m. Find the area of the room.
The area of the room is 44.0m2.
The volume of a wallet is 8.50 in3 Convert this value to m3 using the definition 1 in = 2.54 cm.
The volume of the wallet is 0.000139m3.
Three forces act on a point object: 100 N at 70.0 degrees South of West, 150 N at 50 degrees Northeast, and 200N East. Find their resultant and direction.
The resultant force acting on the point object is approximately 262.84 N at an angle of 4.58o North of East.
A solid cube of aluminum (density 2.70g/cm3) has a volume of 0.200 cm3. It is known that 27.0g of aluminum contains 6.02x1023 atoms. How many aluminum atoms are contained in the cube?
Thus, the solid cube of aluminum contains approximately 1.20x1022 atoms.
A solid piece of lead has a mass of 23.94g and a volume of 2.10cm3. From these data, calculate the density of lead in SI units (kg/m3)
11,400 𝑘𝑔 𝑚3
a 5 N force is applied to the box at an angle of 30o counterclockwise from the positive x axis. What is the X and Y component of force
: the resultant vector force is 8.60 N at 84.46o counterclockwise from the positive x axis
study more practice questions for vector quantities/conversion
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