Theriogenology

Question 1

What are the collection devices used for semen collection?

Answer 1

Artificial vagina

Question 2

What is a method of collection for semen collection?

Answer 2

Collection device, digital manipulation, electroejaculation

Question 3

What are the three parts of ejaculate?

Answer 3

First fraction, second fraction, a third fraction

Question 4

What is the first fraction?

Answer 4

Clear fluid

Question 5

What is the second fraction?

Answer 5

Sperm Rich, should be cloudy

Question 6

What is the third fraction?

Answer 6

Clear fluid, can continue for up to 10 minutes

Question 7

How do you evaluate semen

Answer 7

Appearance, volume, concentration, motility, percent morphology

Question 8

What is normal volume of semen in a dog?

Answer 8

Two mills to 20 mills

Question 9

How can you kill sperm

Answer 9

Formaldehyde

Question 10

What can you use to measure the concentration of sperm?

Answer 10

Hemocytometer, spectrophotometer

Question 11

What are the terms used for sperm motility?

Answer 11

Progressively motel, nonmotile, non-progressively motile

Question 12

What are the techniques used to evaluate sperm’s motility?

Answer 12

Manual motility estimate using wet mount – dilute semen sample with warm extender and place on to slide with cover slip and examine

Question 13

What is the second technique used to evaluate sperm motility?

Answer 13

Check motility estimates – prepare a wet amount of diluted semen from our photograph using an exposure time of about 0.2 seconds

Question 14

What is the third technique to evaluate for motility?

Answer 14

Computer aided motility analysis– similar to manual tracking method, but computers do the tracking

Question 15

What should be the result for motility test

Answer 15

Greater than 70% progressive

Question 16

What should you examine on a sperm?

Answer 16

Head, mid piece, tail, acrosome, sperm membranes

Question 17

Do normal sperm pick up stain

Answer 17

No

Question 18

What are the stages of estrus

Answer 18

Proestrus, estrus, metestrus, diestrus, anestrus

Question 19

What are you looking for an a vaginal cytology?

Answer 19

RBC, WBC, bacteria, epithelial cells

Question 20

What are the epithelial cells you’ll see a vaginal cytology?

Answer 20

Para basal cells, intermediate cells, superficial cells

Question 21

What are para basil cells?

Answer 21

Smallest epithelial cells come around or nearly around and have a high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio, uniform shape

Question 22

What is an intermediate cell?

Answer 22

Twice the size of para basal cells, as they increase in size, the cytoplasm becomes irregular, folded, and angular

Question 23

What is a superficial cell?

Answer 23

Largest cell, polygonal shape and distinctly flat, and sometimes having the appearance of being rolled up nuclei either absent or pyknotic

Question 24

What will you see during anestrus

Answer 24

None to view RBC, none to few WBC, small round, large, nuclei, epithelial cells, none to few bacteria

Question 25

What are symptoms of anestrus

Answer 25

Volvo small, no bleeding, no interest from males, no milk

Question 26

What will you see during proestrus

Answer 26

Many RBC, none a few WBC, and a few bacteria, epithelial cells – transition from round, small pair of basil cells to flat, angular cornified cells with pyknotic nuclei

Question 27

What are symptoms of proestrus

Answer 27

Four swollen, spotting, blood, attractive to males, no flagging, no acceptance of male, lasts about 7 to 9

Question 28

What will you see during estrus

Answer 28

Not to view RBC, not to few WBC, epithelial cells – fully cornified, bacteria may or may not

Question 29

What is common behavior during estrous

Answer 29

Standing, flagging, willing to accept mail, no bleeding, less about 7 to 9 days

Question 30

What will you see during diestrus

Answer 30

RBC and a few, WBC many, epithelial cells, rapid decrease from nearly 100% qualified cells to less than 50% cells, bacteria present

Question 31

What is common behavior during diestrus

Answer 31

Stop standing, Volvo swelling decreases, little to no discharge, less 60 days

Question 32

What does a progesterone level less than 1.0 indicate

Answer 32

Anestrus or proestrus

Question 33

What does a progesterone level of 1.0 to 1.9 indicate

Answer 33

Ovulation in three days

Question 34

What does a progesterone level of 2.0–2.9 indicate

Answer 34

Ovulation in two days

Question 35

What does a progesterone level of 3.0–3.9 indicate

Answer 35

Ovulation in one day

Question 36

What does a progesterone level of 4.0–10.0 indicate

Answer 36

Ovulation day

Question 37

What is the optimal breeding day?

Answer 37

Two days after ovulation

Question 38

What does a progesterone level greater than 10 with cornified vaginal cytology indicate?

Answer 38

Ovulation was one to five days ago

Question 39

What does a drone level greater than 10 with non-cornified vaginal cytology indicate

Answer 39

Diestrus– too late to breed

Question 40

What is the test for pregnancy?

Answer 40

Relaxin

Question 41

What does a relaxin test?

Answer 41

Relaxin produced by placenta