theory of planned behaviour

Question 1

what theory was revised and refined before TPB?

Answer 1

theory of reasoned action

Question 2

what are the 2 new variables to add to attitudes in TPB from the theory of reasoned action?

Answer 2

subjective norm and behavioural intention

Question 3

assumed to capture the motivational factors that influence a behaviour and indicates how hard people are willing to try to perform a behaviour =

Answer 3

behavioural intention

Question 4

what important others think about you performing the behaviour =

Answer 4

subjective norms

Question 5

what are the 2 components of subjective norms?

Answer 5

beliefs about whether important others approve or disapprove of you performing the behaviour, motivation to comply

Question 6

what were the results for the meta-analysis that supports theory of reasoned action?

Answer 6

high positive r values, high overall effect size

Question 7

what is the additional variable added to the newest model of TPB?

Answer 7

perceived control

Question 8

what is the problem with the theory of reasoned action?

Answer 8

people don’t always have control over their actions

Question 9

peoples perceptions of their ability to perform a given behaviour (how confident you are with carrying out the behaviour) =

Answer 9

perceived behavioural control

Question 10

what are the results for the meta-analysis that supports the theory of planned behaviour?

Answer 10

185 studies, positive relationship between attitudes, subjective norm and perceived control with intentions (supports that perceived control is important with our intentions and behaviour outcomes)

Question 11

what evidence has been found about perceived control?

Answer 11

that it moderates the relationship between intentions and behaviour

Question 12

what are some of the problems with the TPB?

Answer 12

intentions don’t always translate into behaviour, the intention behaviour gap

Question 13

what is the intention-behaviour gap by sheeran (2002)?

Answer 13

context can influence intentions e.g. mental, social, physical, situational that prevent the behaviour from being carried out

Question 14

what did results show on the meta-analysis (185 studies) about perceived control?

Answer 14

it can have an effect on peoples behaviours directly

Question 15

what are some of the critiques of the TPB?

Answer 15

is it complete? > sufficiency assumption, are there other variables? is it too rational? do people really engage in complex decision making? what about habits and other automatic influences on behaviour? prediction is not the same as explanation

Question 16

what are the 2 important things that the TPB suggests?

Answer 16

attitudes are associated with behaviour via their influence on peoples intentions, important to consider normative and control beliefs alongside attitudes

Question 17

does evidence suggest that the TPB is more useful for predicting peoples intentions or their behaviour?

Answer 17

intentions

Question 18

assumption that the constructs and relationships included in the TPB are sufficient for explaining people’s intentions and behaviour =

Answer 18

the sufficiency assumption

Question 19

Ajzen says that the TPB is not a _______ theory but is open to looking at other ______ and ________

Answer 19

definitive, variables, predictors

Question 20

Richard et al (1998) found what other factor to have an effect on the likelihood of ppts using condoms in various situations?

Answer 20

anticipated regret

Question 21

what others do rather than think =

Answer 21

descriptive norms

Question 22

an individuals perception of the moral correctness or incorrectness of performing a behaviour =

Answer 22

moral norms

Question 23

what does moral norms take into account?

Answer 23

personal feelings of responsibility to perform or refuse to perform a certain behaviour, how morally appropriate the behaviour is

Question 24

were descriptive norms and anticipated regret found to have an effect with peoples intentions to play the lottery?

Answer 24

yes, descriptive norms = +.31, anticipated regret = +.46

Question 25

did moral obligations have an effect on intentions to disclose info and what was the size of the effect?

Answer 25

yes (small to moderate) > this variable tested that wasn’t considered before was shown to have a key effect

Question 26

many behaviours are determined by past behaviour rather than cognitions described by the TPB such as?

Answer 26

habits

Question 27

what did Trafimow (2000) study looking at habit find with use of condoms?

Answer 27

ppts who were in the habit of using condoms, attitudes and subjective norms were not predictors of intentions to use condoms in the future

Question 28

The Heath Action Process Approach distinguishes _________ processes from ________ processes

Answer 28

motivational, volitional

Question 29

processes that lead up to forming an intention =

Answer 29

motivational

Question 30

processes that explain how intentions are translated into action =

Answer 30

volitional

Question 31

implementation intentions specifying when, where and how to take action =

Answer 31

planning

Question 32

periodically noting qualities of the target behaviour and outcome and comparing these perceptions with the desired standard =

Answer 32

self monitoring

Question 33

what are the different factors in Schwarzer’s (2005) model and what do they predict?

Answer 33

action planning, action control (self monitoring, awareness of standards, effort)

extent to which they can predict behaviour