Theme 5 Dan Molecules Flashcards
Monomer
One molecule, single most basic unit
Dimer
2 monomers chemically bonded together
Polymer
A long chain of monomers chemically bonded together
Anabolism
The synthesis of complex molecules from simple molecules by a condensation reaction (building larger molecules)
Catabolism
Breaking down large molecules. The synthesis of simple molecules from complex molecules by a hydrogen reaction
Covalent bonding (electrons)
Shares electrons
Ionic bonding (electrons)
Gains or looses electrons
Hydrogen bonding
Electrostatic force of attraction between a hydrogen atom which is covalently bonded to a more electronegative atom.
Condensation reaction
Joins two molecules together involving the elimination of a molecule of water
Hydrolysis reaction
Breaks a chemical bond between two molecules involving the use of water molecules.
Isomeric monosaccharides
Same chemical formula, different structure
Glycosidic bond
Bonding carbohydrates
How many amino acids are there
20
What are the monomers that make up polymers of proteins
Amino acids
What is the structure of an amino acid
Central carbon atom to which are attached four chemical groups
Amino group (-NH2)
Carboxyl group (-COOH)
A hydrogen atom (H)
R (side) group (all 20 have a different R)