The Muscular Skeletal Sysstem Flashcards
What are the 5 types of bones
Flat bone
Long bone
Irregular bone
Sesamoid bone
Short bone
What are the 6 types of joints in the body
Pivot joint
Hinge joint
Saddle joint
Condyloid joint
Ball and socket joint
Plane joint
What is a synovial joint
A joint filled with fluid contained in a fibrous capsule. They are freely movable
What are the types of muscles
Cardiac muscle
Skeletal muscle
Smooth muscle
What are ligaments made of
Connective tissues that contain collagen
What is actin
Thin filament which has binding site for myosin head
What is myosin
Thick filament with a head that binds to actin
What is tropomyosin
A fibre that is moved in the presence of calcium ions
What is myofibrils
Long muscle fibres made of many sarcomeres
What are sarcomere (including m and a lines)
The part of the muscle that changes shape
What is the troponin
A protein that caused the movement of tropomyosin which uncovers the binding site on actin
What is the sarcoplasmic reticulum
A network of smooth ER that sits around the muscle containing sarcoplasm
What does ATP do. (Adenosine triphosphate)
Energy source for detaching/repositioning the myosin head
What is the energy used for muscle contraction
ATP
What are the 2 linked condition
Muscular dystrophy
Rheumatoid arthritis
What is md
A group of over 60 inherited conditions
What gender is more likely to develop md
Males
What are the symptoms of md
Muscle weakness
Muscle stiffness or pain
Changes in mobility
Difficulty lifting things
Increased occurrence of falls
What are treatments of md
Medication (steroids improve muscle strength)
Physiotherapy (slow the progression)
Occupational therapy (aids at home)
Surgery (fixing joints)
What is rheumatoid arthritis
A type of chronic immune disease called arthritis where your immune system attacks the tissue lining of the joints on both sides of your body
What causes rheumatoid arthritis
No definitive cause, although more common in women than men
What are the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis
Pain
Stiffness
Swelling
Tiredness
High temperature
Sweating
Poor appetite
Weight loss
Dry eyes
Chest pain
Complications of rheumatoid arthritis
Carpel tunnel syndrome (compression of nerves in the wrist)
Systemic inflammation (inflammation in the lungs, heart, eyes, blood vessels)
Cardiovascular disease
Cervical myelopathy (compression of spinal cord at the top of the spine)
Treatments for rheumatoid arthritis
Physiotherapy
Surgery
Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs)
