The Urinary System Flashcards
A steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex that regulates the salt and water balance in the body.
Aldosterone
The absence or suppression of urine.
Anuria
A hormone involved in natriuresis and the regulation of renal and cardiovascular homeostasis. It causes natriuresis, diuresis, and renal vasodilation; reduces circulating concentrations of renin, aldosterone, and antidiuretic hormone; Also called atrial natriuretic factor.
Atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH)
A polypeptide hormone secreted by the posterior portion of the pituitary gland that constricts blood vessels, raises blood pressure, and reduces excretion of urine. Also called vasopressin .
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
A membranous, double-walled capsule surrounding a glomerulus of a nephron.
Bowman’s capsule
A cuplike part.
Calyx
To introduce a catheter into.
Catheterization
The part of a nephron that collects the urine from the distal convoluted tubule and discharges it into the pelvis of the kidney.
Collecting tubule
Inflammation of the urinary bladder.
Cystitis
The portion of the nephron in the vertebrate kidney lying between the loop of Henle and the collecting tubules.
Distal convoluted tubule
Is fashioned by skeletal muscles as the urethra passes thorugh the pelvic floor.This sphincter is voluntary controlled.
External urethral sphincter
The process of passing a liquid through a filter.
Filtration
A tuft of capillaries situated within a Bowman’s capsule at the end of a renal tubule in the kidney that filters waste products from the blood and thus initiates urine formation.
Glomerulus
Excretion of glucose in the urine
Glycosuria
The inability to control excretory functions.
Incontinence
An involuntary sphincter that keeps the urethra closed when urine is not being used.
Internal urethral sphincter
A pair of bean-shaped organs in the back part of the abdominal cavity that form and excrete urine, regulate fluid and electrolyte balance, and act as endocrine glands.
Kidneys
An instrument for triturating the stone in the bladder; a lithotrite.
Lithotriptor
The part of a nephron between the proximal and distal convoluted tubules that extends, in a loop, from the cortex into the medulla of the kidney.
Loop of Henle
The act of passing urine; urination.
Micturition
Scantiness of urine due to diminished secretion.
Oliguria
Any small, nipplelike process or projection.
Papilla
The passing of an excessive quantity of urine.
Polyuria
Is the portion of the duct system of the nephron of the kidney which leads from Bowman’s capsule to the loop of Henle.
Proximal convoluted tubule
A structure or part shaped like a pyramid.
Pyramids
The organic process in which the substance of some differentiated structure that has been produced by the body undergoes lysis and assimilation.
Reabsorption
Sharp pain in the lower back that radiates into the groin; associated with the passage of a renal calculus through the ureter
Renal colic
A tuft of glomerular capillaries with the Bowman’s capsule that encloses it. Also called malpighian corpuscle .
Renal corpuscle
A small funnel-shaped cavity of the kidney into which urine is discharged before passing into the ureter.
Renal pelvis
A fold, crease, or wrinkle, as in the lining of the stomach.
Rugae
A substance, such as saliva, mucus, tears, bile, or a hormone, that is secreted.
Secretion
A triangle or trigonum.
Trigone
The accumulation of urinary waste products in the blood. Also called azotemia .
Uremia
The long narrow duct that conveys urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder.
Ureters
The canal through which urine is discharged from the bladder also called urogenital canal .
Urethra
Yellow to amber in color, slightly acidic, and discharged from the body through the urethra.
Urine
The passing of urine. Also called emiction , miction , micturition , uresis .
Urination
To excrete body wastes
Voiding
Combining form meaning bladder.
cyst/o
Combining form meaning kidney.
nephr/o
Combining form meaning pelvis.
pyel/o
Combining form meaning kidney.
ren/o
Combining form meaning ureter
ureter/o
Combining form meaning urethra
urethr/o
