The Circulatory System Flashcards
Severe constricting chest pain, often radiating from the precordium to the left shoulder and down the arm.
Angina pectoris
A minute artery, especially a terminal artery continuous with the capillary network.
Arterioles
A blood vessel that conveys blood from the heart to any part of the body.
Arteries
Either of two heart valves through which blood flows from the atria to the ventricles; prevents return of blood to the atrium
Atrioventricular (AV) valve
Either the right or the left upper chamber of the heart that receives blood from the veins and forces it into a ventricle.
Atrium
Another name for mitral valve
Bicuspid valve
Relating to or resembling a hair; fine and slender.
Capillary
Blood volume in liters pumped by the left ventricle of the heart per minute.
Cardiac output
Is a manual technique, used in emergencies, to reinstate blood flow to someone suffering from cardiac arrest.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)
Either of two arteries that originate in the aorta and supply the heart muscle with blood.
Coronary arteries
The circulation of blood in the blood vessels of the heart muscle (the myocardium).
Coronary circulation
The lowest arterial blood pressure reached during any given ventricular cycle.
Diastolic pressure
A blood vessel in a fetus that bypasses pulmonary circulation by connecting the pulmonary artery directly to the ascending aorta; normally closes at birth
Ductus arteriosus
Blood shunt between the left umbilical vein and the right sinus venosus of the heart of an embryo.
Ductus venosus
Measures the heart’s electrical activity.
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
Inflammation of the endocardium.
Endocarditis
The serous membrane that lines the cavities of the heart.
Endocardium
The inner serous layer of the pericardium, lying directly upon the heart.
Epicardium
An opening between the right and left atria (the upper chambers of the heart), normally found in fetuses.
Foramen ovale
The portal venous system responsible for directing blood from parts of the gastrointestinal tract to the liver.
Hepatic portal circulation
Persistent high blood pressure.
Hypertension
Abnormally low arterial blood pressure. Also called hypopiesis .
Hypotension
A valve of the heart, composed of two triangular flaps, that is located between the left atrium and left ventricle and regulates blood flow between these chambers. Also called bicuspid valve , left atrioventricular valve .
Mitral valve
Necrosis of a region of the myocardium caused by an interruption in the supply of blood to the heart. Also called cardiac infarction .
Myocardial infarction
The muscular substance of the heart.
Myocardium
A deflection in an electrocardiogram indicating depolarization of the atria.
P-wave
A part of the body, such as the specialized mass of cardiac muscle fibers of the sinoatrial node, that sets the pace or rhythm of physiological activity.
Pacemaker
The membranous sac enclosing the heart.
Pericardium
The circulation of blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation and back to the heart.
Pulmonary circulation
The rhythmical dilation of arteries produced when blood is pumped outward by regular contractions of the heart.
Pulse
Specialized muscle fibers found in the heart.
Purkinje fibres
The principal deflection in the electrocardiogram, representing ventricular depolarization.
QRS complex
One of three semilunar segments serving as the cusps of a valve preventing regurgitation, as in the aortic valve and the pulmonary valve.
Semilunar valve
A small mass of specialized cardiac muscle fibers located in the posterior wall of the right atrium of the heart that acts as a pacemaker of the cardiac conduction system . Also called sinoauricular node , sinus node .
Sinoatrial node
Circulation of blood throughout the body through the arteries, capillaries, and veins.
Systemic circulation
The highest arterial blood pressure reached during any given ventricular cycle.
Systolic pressure
Represents the repolarization (or recovery) of the ventricles.
T - wave
The three-segmented valve of the heart that keeps blood in the right ventricle from flowing back into the right atrium. Also called right atrioventricular valve .
Tricuspid valve
A vein passing through the umbilical cord and conveying purified, nutrient-rich blood from placenta to fetus.
Umbilical Veins
A small cavity or chamber within a body or an organ, especially the right or left ventricle of the heart or any of the interconnecting ventricles of the brain.
Ventricle
A small vein, especially one joining capillaries to larger veins. Also called capillary vein .
Venules
Blood and lymph vessel
angi/o
Combining form meaning “ aorta “.
aort/o
A combining form meaning “artery”.
arteri/o
A descriptive term for the heart or the arteries.
coron/o
A combining form meaning “vein”
phleb/o
A combining form representing sphygmus.
sphygm/o
A combining form meaning “heart”
cardi/o
A combining form with the meanings “blood clot,” “coagulation,” “thrombin,” .
thromb/o
A combining form meaning “vessel”.
vas/o
A combining form with the meaning “vein” .
ven/o
A combining form with the meaning “venule” .
venul/o
