The Lymphatic & Immune System Flashcards
Immunity resulting from the development of antibodies in response to the presence of an antigen, as from vaccination or exposure to an infectious disease.
Active immunity
A severe immunological disorder caused by HIV, transmitted primarily through venereal routes or by exposure to contaminated blood or blood products.
AIDS
An immunoglobulin present in the blood serum or body fluids as a result of antigenic stimulus and interacting only with the antigen that induced it or with an antigen closely related to it.
Antibodies
Any substance that can stimulate the production of antibodies and combine specifically with them.
Antigen
Also called beta cell. a cell in the islet of Langerhans that produces and secretes insulin.
B cells
A white blood cell having a two-lobed nucleus and basophilic granules in its cytoplasm.
Basophil
Immunity resulting from a cell-mediated immune response. Also called cellular immunity .
Cell-mediated immunity
A replica of a DNA sequence, such as a gene, produced by genetic engineering.
Clone
Substance that is produced by a predecessor protein or in response to the presence of foreign material in the body and that triggers or participates in a complement reaction.
Complement proteins
The binding of complement to immune complexes or to certain foreign surfaces, as those of invading microorganisms.
Complement fixation
Dilated sac at the lower end of thoracic duct into which lymph from the instestinal trunk and two lumbar lymphatic trunks flow.
Cisterna chyli
A type of white blood cell containing cytoplasmic granules that are easily stained by eosin or other acid dyes. Also called eosinophilic leukocyte , oxyphil , oxyphilic leukocyte .
Eosinophil
The component of the immune response involving the transformation of B cells into plasma cells that produce and secrete antibodies to a specific antigen.
Humoral immunity
A fundamental type of response by the body to disease and injury, a response characterized by the classical signs of “dolor, calor, rubor, and tumor” – pain, heat (localized warmth), redness, and swelling.
Inflammatory response
Any of various proteins, produced by virus-infected cells, that inhibit reproduction of the invading virus and induce resistance to further infection.
Interferon
The fluid in spaces between the tissue cells.
Interstitial fluid
Are a specialized form of immune cells that exist only within the liver. They are one of several kinds of macrophages,
Kupffer cells
Any of the colorless or white cells in the blood that have a nucleus and cytoplasm and help protect the body from infection and disease through specialized neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes. Also called white corpuscle .
Leukocyte
An increase in the number of white blood cells in the blood.
Leukocytosis
A decrease in the number of white blood cells in the blood.
Leukopenia
A clear, colorless fluid that circulates through the lymphatic system.
Lymph
Any of the glandlike masses of tissue in the lymphatic vessels containing cells that become lymphocytes.
Lymph nodes
Inflammation of the lymphatic vessels.
Lymphangitis
a type of white blood cell having a large, spherical nucleus surrounded by a thin layer of nongranular cytoplasm.
Lymphocytes
Any of the large phagocytic cells found in the reticuloendothelial system.
Macrophage
Any small, long-lived lymphocyte that has previously encountered a given antigen and that on reexposure to the same antigen rapidly initiates the immune response (memory T cell) or proliferates and produces large amounts of specific antibody (memory B cell) the agent of lasting immunity.
Memory cells
Any of a class of highly specific antibodies produced by the clones of a single hybrid cell
Monoclonal antibodies
A large, circulating white blood cell, formed in bone marrow and in the spleen, that ingests large foreign particles and cell debris.
Monocyte
A cell or tissue that manifests no special affinity for acid or basic dyes.
Neutrophil
The condition of being immune; the protection against infectious disease conferred either by the immune response generated by immunization or previous infection or by other nonimmunologic factors.
Non-specific immunity
Immunity acquired by the transfer of antibodies from another individual, as through injection or placental transfer to a fetus.
Passive immunity
Any of the nodules of lymphatic cells that aggregate to form bundles or patches and occur usually only in the lowest portion (ileum) of the small intestine.
Peyer’s patches
Any cell, as a macrophage, that ingests and destroys foreign particles, bacteria, and cell debris.
Phagocyte
An antibody-producing lymphocyte derived from a B cell upon reaction with a specific antigen. Also called plasmacyte .
Plasma cells
One of the two terminal lymphatic vessels, formed by the union of the right jugular lymphatic vessel and vessels from the lymph nodes of the right upper extremity, thoracic wall, and both lungs.
Right lymphatic duct
Immunity against a specific antigen or disease.
Specific immunity
A large, highly vascular lymphoid organ, lying to the left of the stomach below the diaphragm and serving to store blood, disintegrate old blood cells, filter foreign substances from the blood, and to produce lymphocytes.
Spleen
The main trunk of the lymphatic system, passing along the spinal column in the thoracic cavity, and conveying a large amount of lymph and chyle into the venous circulation.
Thoracic duct
A lymphoid organ that is located in the superior mediastinum and lower part of the neck and is necessary in early life for the normal development of immunological function.
Thymus
A prominent oval mass of lymphoid tissue on each side of the throat.
Tonsils
A principal type of white blood cell that completes maturation in the thymus and that has various roles in the immune system.
T cells
Combining form meaning lymph nodes.
lymphaden/o
Combining form meaning lymphatic vessels.
lymphangi/o
Combining form meaning Lymph.
lymph/o
Combining form meaning spleen.
splen/o
Combining form meaning thymus.
thym/o
