Fluid & Electrolyte, Acid-Base Balance Flashcards
Pressure exerted by blood against capillary walls.
Capillary blood pressure
Excessive loss of water from the body or from an organ or a body part, as occurs during illness or fluid deprivation.
Dehydration
To regard or treat as separate or unconnected. meaning “separated “
Dissociate
Tending to increase the discharge of urine. A substance or drug that tends to increase the discharge of urine.
Diuretic
Any of various ions, such as sodium or chloride, required by cells to regulate the electric charge and flow of water molecules across the cell membrane.
Electrolyte
All fluid outside of cells
Extracellular fluid (ECF)
The fluid in spaces between the tissue cells.
Interstitial fluid (IF)
The fluid within the tissue cells.
Intracellular fluid (ICF)
When an excessive amount of water is consumed
Overhydration
Any of a large class of sour-tasting substances whose aqueous solutions are capable of turning blue litmus indicators red, of reacting with and dissolving certain metals to form salts, and of reacting with bases or alkalis to form salts.
Acid solution
Decreased pH and bicarbonate concentration of the body fluids caused either by the accumulation of excess acids stronger than carbonic acid or by abnormal losses of bicarbonate from the body.
metabolic acidosis
An increase in the alkalinity of body fluids due to an increase in alkali intake or a decrease in acid concentration, as from vomiting.
metabolic alkalosis
An alkaline solution is a mixture of a base solid dissolved in water. Alkaline solutions have a PH of 10 or greater. It will turn red litmus paper bright blue.
alkaline solution
Acidosis that is caused by retention of carbon dioxide, due to inadequate pulmonary ventilation or hypoventilation, and that results in a decrease in blood pH unless compensated for by renal retention of bicarbonate.
respiratory acidosis
Alkalosis resulting from abnormal loss of carbon dioxide due to hyperventilation.
respiratory alkalosis
A negatively charged ion, especially one that migrates to the anode in electrolysis.
anionic
An ion or group of ions having a positive charge and characteristically moving toward the negative electrode in electrolysis.
cationic
A molecular or ionic substance capable of combining with a proton to form a new substance. Also called Bronsted base .
Base
An acid and its conjugate base (anion).
Buffer pairs
An enzyme that catalyzes the reversible combination of carbon dioxide with water in red blood cells.
Carbonic anhydrase
A measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, numerically equal to 7 for neutral solutions, increasing with increasing alkalinity and decreasing with increasing acidity.
pH
Of or relating to a solution or compound that is neither acidic nor alkaline.
pH neutral
Intake system: Oxygen -> breath in -> Organs -> Carbon dioxide -> breath out.
Respiratory mechanism
The difference between the amount of water taken into the body and the amount excreted or lost. Also called water balance .
Fluid balance
An atom or a group of atoms that has acquired a net electric charge by gaining or losing one or more electrons.
Ions