Fluid & Electrolyte, Acid-Base Balance

Question 1

Pressure exerted by blood against capillary walls.

Answer 1

Capillary blood pressure

Question 2

Excessive loss of water from the body or from an organ or a body part, as occurs during illness or fluid deprivation.

Answer 2

Dehydration

Question 3

To regard or treat as separate or unconnected. meaning “separated “

Answer 3

Dissociate

Question 4

Tending to increase the discharge of urine. A substance or drug that tends to increase the discharge of urine.

Answer 4

Diuretic

Question 5

Any of various ions, such as sodium or chloride, required by cells to regulate the electric charge and flow of water molecules across the cell membrane.

Answer 5

Electrolyte

Question 6

All fluid outside of cells

Answer 6

Extracellular fluid (ECF)

Question 7

The fluid in spaces between the tissue cells.

Answer 7

Interstitial fluid (IF)

Question 8

The fluid within the tissue cells.

Answer 8

Intracellular fluid (ICF)

Question 9

When an excessive amount of water is consumed

Answer 9

Overhydration

Question 10

Any of a large class of sour-tasting substances whose aqueous solutions are capable of turning blue litmus indicators red, of reacting with and dissolving certain metals to form salts, and of reacting with bases or alkalis to form salts.

Answer 10

Acid solution

Question 11

Decreased pH and bicarbonate concentration of the body fluids caused either by the accumulation of excess acids stronger than carbonic acid or by abnormal losses of bicarbonate from the body.

Answer 11

metabolic acidosis

Question 12

An increase in the alkalinity of body fluids due to an increase in alkali intake or a decrease in acid concentration, as from vomiting.

Answer 12

metabolic alkalosis

Question 13

An alkaline solution is a mixture of a base solid dissolved in water. Alkaline solutions have a PH of 10 or greater. It will turn red litmus paper bright blue.

Answer 13

alkaline solution

Question 14

Acidosis that is caused by retention of carbon dioxide, due to inadequate pulmonary ventilation or hypoventilation, and that results in a decrease in blood pH unless compensated for by renal retention of bicarbonate.

Answer 14

respiratory acidosis

Question 15

Alkalosis resulting from abnormal loss of carbon dioxide due to hyperventilation.

Answer 15

respiratory alkalosis

Question 16

A negatively charged ion, especially one that migrates to the anode in electrolysis.

Answer 16

anionic

Question 17

An ion or group of ions having a positive charge and characteristically moving toward the negative electrode in electrolysis.

Answer 17

cationic

Question 18

A molecular or ionic substance capable of combining with a proton to form a new substance. Also called Bronsted base .

Answer 18

Base

Question 19

An acid and its conjugate base (anion).

Answer 19

Buffer pairs

Question 20

An enzyme that catalyzes the reversible combination of carbon dioxide with water in red blood cells.

Answer 20

Carbonic anhydrase

Question 21

A measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, numerically equal to 7 for neutral solutions, increasing with increasing alkalinity and decreasing with increasing acidity.

Answer 21

pH

Question 22

Of or relating to a solution or compound that is neither acidic nor alkaline.

Answer 22

pH neutral

Question 23

Intake system: Oxygen -> breath in -> Organs -> Carbon dioxide -> breath out.

Answer 23

Respiratory mechanism

Question 24

The difference between the amount of water taken into the body and the amount excreted or lost. Also called water balance .

Answer 24

Fluid balance

Question 25

An atom or a group of atoms that has acquired a net electric charge by gaining or losing one or more electrons.

Answer 25

Ions