The Skeletal System Flashcards
name the 5 different bone structure shapes
long, short, flat, irregular, sesamoid
The long bone consists of 2 epiphysis - _____ and _____ with the _____ (the main part of the bone) in between .
proximal
distal
diaphysis
The long bone is covered by _____ cartilage
articular
_____ is the tough outer layer surrounding the long bone which continues with ligaments and tendons
periostium
The diaphysis of the long bone contains a hollow chamber called the ______ ______ which is lined with a thin layer of cells called the ________
medullar cavity
endostium
_____ bone makes up the wall of the diaphysis and the epiphysis are filled with ____ bone
compact
spongy
Compact bones consist of _____ which are around central canals
osteons
Osteons are rings of ____ and extracellular matrix
osteocytes
Each central canal contains _______ _____ and _____ which supply and control bone tissue.
blood vessels
nerves
______ canals connect central canals
perforating
Spongy bone consists of osteocytes and matrix - the tissue is arranged in ______
trabeculae
_____ occurs in bone marrow which occupies the medullar cavities in irregular spaces in spongy bone and in larger central canals of compact bone tissue
Hematopoesis
_____ marrow replaces _____ marrow with age and stores fat
yellow
red
When blood is low in calcium, ____ hormone stimulates osteoclasts to breakdown calcium and release into blood.
parathyroid
High blood calcium inhibits osteoclast activity and _____ stimulates osteoblasts to form bone tissue and store extra calcium
calcitonin